–ß—Ç–æ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–µ –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥?

–ü—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ —Å–∞–º –ø–æ —Å–µ–±–µ –Ω–µ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —è–∑—ã–∫–æ–º –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è. –°–∫–æ—Ä–µ–µ, –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ - —ç—Ç–æ —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ—á–µ—Å–∫–æ–µ –≤—ã—Ä–∞–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –ø–ª–∞–Ω–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –≤ –∫–æ–¥–µ. –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞ –∏–ª–∏ —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª—ã –¥–ª—è –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥–∞, –Ω–æ –∫–ª—é—á –∫ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–µ–º—É –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥—É - —ç—Ç–æ –∫–∞–∫ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —è—Å–Ω–æ–µ –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –æ —Ç–æ–º, –∫–∞–∫ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –≤–∞—à–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–ª–∞.

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥?

–ü—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —á–∞—Å—Ç—å—é –º–Ω–æ–≥–∏—Ö —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –ø–æ –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ç–∏–∫–µ. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ —Å —Ç–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ —á–∞—Å—Ç–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –ø—Ä–∏ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∫–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è.

–†–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π —Å—Ü–µ–Ω–∞—Ä–∏–π. –í–∞—à –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª—å–Ω–∏–∫ –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å–∏–ª –≤–∞—Å —Ä–µ–∞–ª–∏–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º –ø—É–∑—ã—Ä—å–∫–æ–≤–æ–π —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–µ, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—É—é –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ—Ç –≤–∞—à–∞ –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–Ω–∏—è. –≠—Ç–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞—Ç—å, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤–∞–∂–Ω–æ–π —á–∞—Å—Ç—å—é –≤–µ–±-—Å–∞–π—Ç–∞ –≤–∞—à–µ–π –∫–æ–º–ø–∞–Ω–∏–∏.

–î–æ–ª–∂–µ–Ω –ª–∏ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫ –±—Ä–æ—Å–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –≤ —Å–≤–æ–π —Ç–µ—Ä–º–∏–Ω–∞–ª –∏ –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –∫–æ–¥ —Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω–∏—è? –í —Ç–∞–∫–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º –∫—Ä–∏—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ –≤–∞–∂–µ–Ω –¥–ª—è –±–∏–∑–Ω–µ—Å–∞, –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –æ–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω—ã–º –ø–ª–∞–Ω–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ —à–∞–≥–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫ –ø–ª–∞–Ω–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ø—Ä–∏–Ω—è—Ç—å.

–ö–æ–Ω–µ—á–Ω–æ, –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–¥–∞ –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –±–µ–∑ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–≤–∞—Ä–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–∏—è –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥–∞. . –ü—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ –ª—É—á—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –ø–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–ª—è –ø–ª–∞–Ω–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω—ã—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º –∏–ª–∏ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–π –≤ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞—Ö. –í—ã —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —á–µ–ª–æ–≤–µ–∫ –±—É–¥—É—Ç —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–≤–∞—Ç—å —á–∞—Å—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –æ–±–µ—Å–ø–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–±–µ–¥–∏—Ç—å—Å—è, —á—Ç–æ –≤—Å–µ –ø–æ–Ω–∏–º–∞—é—Ç, –∫–∞–∫ –∏—Ö –∫–æ–¥ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –∫–æ–Ω–µ—á–Ω–æ–º—É —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç—É (–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–µ).

81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –±—É—Ç–∫–µ–º–ø–∞ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ç—Ä—É–¥–æ—É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–∏—Ö —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π. –ü—Ä–æ–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã–π –∫—É—Ä—Å —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.

–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—É—é –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—É, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.

–ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –Ω–µ –∑–Ω–∞–µ—Ç–µ, –∫–∞–∫ —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –∫–æ–¥, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –∑–∞–º–µ—Ç–∫–∏ –æ —Ç–æ–º, –∫–∞–∫ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –≤–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–ª. –≠—Ç–æ –¥–∞—Å—Ç –≤–∞–º —Ç–æ—á–∫—É –æ—Ç—Å—á–µ—Ç–∞, –Ω–∞ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—É—é –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –≤–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –∫–æ–¥–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è. –¢–∞–∫–∞—è —Ç–æ—á–∫–∞ –æ—Ç—Å—á–µ—Ç–∞ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –≤–∞–º –Ω–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å –≤ —É–º–µ –≤—Å–µ, —á—Ç–æ —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ —Å –≤–∞—à–µ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–æ–π, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –≤—ã –∫–æ–¥–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç–µ.

–ö–∞–∫ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥?

–ü—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ –Ω–µ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –∫–æ–Ω–∫—Ä–µ—Ç–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª–æ–≤ –∏–ª–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è –æ–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–∏—è –≤–∞—à–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º. –≠—Ç–æ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫ –≤—ã –ø–ª–∞–Ω–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç–µ —Ä–µ–∞–ª–∏–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É –Ω–∞ –ª—é–±–æ–º —è–∑—ã–∫–µ. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥ –±—ã–ª –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–º, —Ä–∞–∑—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—á–∏–∫–∏ –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ –∑–∞–ø—É—Ç–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –º–µ–∂–¥—É –∫–æ–¥–æ–º, –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º –Ω–∞ –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥–µ, –∏ –∏—Ö —Ä–µ–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º–∏ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞–º–∏.

–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–∏–π –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥, –≤—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã —á–µ—Ç–∫–æ –ø–æ–Ω–∏–º–∞—Ç—å. –í—ã —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã —Ä–∞–∑–ª–∏—á–∞—Ç—å —Ç–µ–∫—Å—Ç –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã –∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Ç–µ–∫—Å—Ç. –ù–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω—ã–µ –±—É–∫–≤—ã –¥–ª—è –≤—Å–µ—Ö –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–π, —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –∫–∞–∫ —Ü–∏–∫–ª—ã, –∏ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ—á–Ω—ã–µ –±—É–∫–≤—ã –¥–ª—è –∏–º–µ–Ω –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –∏ —Ç–µ–∫—Å—Ç–∞ –≤ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–µ.

–†–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä:

–≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ–π –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–µ–≥–æ –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥–∞. –ù–∞—à –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ —á–∏—Ç–∞—Ç—å. –ö–∞–∫ –≤–∏–¥–∏—Ç–µ, —Å–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –æ–±—ä—è–≤–∏—Ç—å –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç —Å –∏–º–µ–Ω–µ–º student. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –ø–µ—Ä–µ–±—Ä–∞—Ç—å –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π –∏–∑ –Ω–∏—Ö, –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—è –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä for (–∏–ª–∏ –ª—é–±–æ–π –ø–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥—è—â–∏–π –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä). –ú—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä if, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å, –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–µ–≤—ã—à–∞–µ—Ç –ª–∏ –¥–ª–∏–Ω–∞ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ —É—á–µ–Ω–∏–∫–∞ 5.

–õ—é–±–æ–π —É—á–µ–Ω–∏–∫, –∏–º—è –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–≥–æ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø—è—Ç–∏ –±—É–∫–≤, –¥–æ–ª–∂–µ–Ω –±—ã—Ç—å –≤—ã–≤–µ–¥–µ–Ω –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª—å.

–¢–µ–ø–µ—Ä—å —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –ø—Å–µ–≤–¥–æ–∫–æ–¥:

–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –∫–æ–¥ —Å–±–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç —Å —Ç–æ–ª–∫—É. –ù–µ–ø–æ–Ω—è—Ç–Ω–æ, —á—Ç–æ –º—ã –ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ–º—Å—è —Å–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å. –í —Ç–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –∫–∞–∫ –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–µ–º –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–µ –º—ã —á–µ—Ç–∫–æ –æ–±—ä—è–≤–ª—è–µ–º –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω—É—é –¥–ª—è —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤. –í –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–µ–º –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–µ —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ —á–µ—Ç–∫–æ —É–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–æ, –∫–∞–∫–æ–π –∏–º–µ–Ω–Ω–æ —Ç–µ–∫—Å—Ç –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –≤—ã–≤–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª—å.