Выборочная сортировка Python: руководство

Michael Zippo 27.11.2021

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ Python –¥–µ–ª–∏—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –Ω–∞ –¥–≤–∞ –Ω–µ–±–æ–ª—å—à–∏—Ö —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞. –û–¥–∏–Ω —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã. –î—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –Ω–µ—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã. –°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –Ω–∞–∏–º–µ–Ω—å—à–∏–µ –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–∏–±–æ–ª—å—à–∏–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–∞ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–π –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç —ç—Ç–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ —É–ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–æ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫.

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–æ–≤ - –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–∞—è –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏—è –≤ —Ä—è–¥–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º.

–†–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä: —É—á–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å —Ö–æ—á–µ—Ç —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –æ —Ç–æ–º, –Ω–∞—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ –µ–≥–æ —É—á–µ–Ω–∏–∫–∏ —Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª–∏—Å—å —Å –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–∏–º —Ç–µ—Å—Ç–æ–º. –£—á–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∑–∞—Ö–æ—Ç–µ—Ç—å –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —É—á–µ–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ " –æ—Ü–µ–Ω–∫–∏ –≤ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ –≤–æ–∑—Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è –∏ —É–±—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è. –≠—Ç–æ –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª–∏—Ç –∏–º –ª–µ–≥–∫–æ —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫–æ–≤—ã –±—ã–ª–∏ —Å–∞–º—ã–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–∏–µ –∏ —Å–∞–º—ã–µ –Ω–∏–∑–∫–∏–µ —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç—ã —Ç–µ—Å—Ç–æ–≤.

Enter, —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞. –°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ - —ç—Ç–æ –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –≤ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ –≤–æ–∑—Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è –∏–ª–∏ —É–±—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è.

–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è –æ–±—Å—É–¥–∏—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –Ω–∞ Python. –í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º—ã —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –≤—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –∏–∑—É—á–∏—Ç—å –≤—Å–µ —Ç–æ–Ω–∫–æ—Å—Ç–∏ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞.

–ß—Ç–æ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–µ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ Python?

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ Python –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ–∫—Ä–∞—Ç–Ω–æ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –∫–æ–Ω–µ—Ü —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞. –°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–¥–æ–ª–∂–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –¥–æ —Ç–µ—Ö –ø–æ—Ä, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ –Ω–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω –ø–æ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫—É. –í—ã —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —É–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫—É –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ –º–∞–∫—Å–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç. –û–±–∞ –ø–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥–∞ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É—é—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫.

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–∞–≥–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞–∏–º–µ–Ω—å—à–∏–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ —Å—Ä–∞–≤–Ω–∏—Ç —ç—Ç–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–æ –≤—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–º. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –º–µ–Ω—å—à–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è, –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º.

–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—Å –ø–æ–≤—Ç–æ—Ä—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –¥–æ —Ç–µ—Ö –ø–æ—Ä, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –Ω–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–≥–Ω—É—Ç –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞. –ö–∞–∫ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–≥–Ω—É—Ç, –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø–æ–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–æ –Ω–µ—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞.

81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ç—Ä—É–¥–æ—É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ—Å–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è. –ü—Ä–æ–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã–π –∫—É—Ä—Å —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.

–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—É—é –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—É, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.

–ù–µ—Ç –ª—É—á—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–∞ —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –æ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞—Ö –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞, —á–µ–º –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä. –î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º –∏ –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –æ—Ü–µ–Ω–æ–∫ —É—á–∞—â–∏—Ö—Å—è –≤ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ –≤–æ–∑—Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è. –†–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –Ω–µ—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫:

–ú—ã –Ω–∞—á–Ω–µ–º —Å —Ç–æ–≥–æ, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞–∑–æ–≤–µ–º –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º—É–º–æ–º . –ö–∞–∂–¥–∞—è –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏—è —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞–∏–º–µ–Ω—å—à–∏–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–∞—Ç—å –µ–≥–æ –≤ –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –ø–æ–¥–º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤.

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ - —ç—Ç–æ –æ–¥–∏–Ω –∏–∑ –≤–∞—Ä–∏–∞–Ω—Ç–æ–≤. –°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç–µ –º–∞–∫—Å–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç. –ù–æ –º—ã " –í —ç—Ç–æ–º –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–µ –º—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç.

–ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã —Å—Ä–∞–≤–Ω–∏–º –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–æ –≤—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–º. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –º–µ–Ω—å—à–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ, –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –¥–æ–ª–∂–µ–Ω —Å—Ç–∞—Ç—å –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º.

–ú—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è —Å—Ä–∞–≤–Ω–∏—Ç—å 73 –∏ 62. 73 –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ 62, —á—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞—à–µ –Ω–æ–≤–æ–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Ä–∞–≤–Ω–æ 62. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –±—É–¥—É—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –≤—Å–µ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞ –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ:

61 –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ 6 2 (–Ω–∞—à–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ)? –ù–µ—Ç, –ø–æ–º–µ–Ω—è–π—Ç–µ –º–µ—Å—Ç–∞–º–∏ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞. –ú–∏–Ω–∏–º—É–º —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è 61.
69 –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ 61 (–Ω–∞—à–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ)? –î–∞ —Ç–∞–∫ –Ω–∏—á–µ–≥–æ –∏ –Ω–µ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å. –ú–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –ø—Ä–µ–±—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ - 61 –≥–æ–¥.

–ù–∞—à —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –≤—ã–≥–ª—è–¥–∏—Ç —Ç–∞–∫ –∂–µ:

< td> 73

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–≥–Ω–µ—Ç–µ –í –∫–æ–Ω—Ü–µ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –º–∏–Ω–∏–º—É–º –≤ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞:

61 (–Ω–∞—à–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ) –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–µ–Ω–æ –≤ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞, –∞ –≤—Å–µ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–µ–Ω—ã –Ω–∞ –µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ü—É –≤–≤–µ—Ä—Ö. –ú—ã –±—É–¥–µ–º –ø–æ–≤—Ç–æ—Ä—è—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—Ü–µ—Å—Å –¥–æ —Ç–µ—Ö –ø–æ—Ä, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –≤—Å–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –Ω–µ –±—É–¥—É—Ç –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω—ã.

–ö–∞–∂–¥–∞—è –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏—è –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞—Ç—å —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–µ–µ:

73, 62, 61, 69
61, 73, 62, 69
61, 62, 73, 69
61, 62, 69, 73

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏–ª–∞ –≤—Å–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ, —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è.

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –ø–æ–¥–º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ –∏ –Ω–µ—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –ø–æ–¥–º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ –Ω–µ–≤–∏–¥–∏–º—ã –¥–ª—è –Ω–∞—Å. –ù–∞—à –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç –º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ –¥–ª—è –Ω–∞—Å –∏ –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–µ–æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—É—é —á–∞—Å—Ç—å –º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤–∞.

–ö–∞–∫ –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫—É –ø–æ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä—É –≤ Python

–¢–µ–ø–µ—Ä—å –≤—ã –∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—ã —Å —Ç–µ–æ—Ä–∏–µ–π: —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–Ω–æ! –ü—Ä–∏—à–ª–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è –¥–ª—è –±–æ–ª—å—à–æ–≥–æ –∏—Å–ø—ã—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è. –ú—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è —Ä–µ–∞–ª–∏–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –Ω–∞ Python. –î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—à–µ–º –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç –º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ Python –∏ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç –µ–≥–æ –≤ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ –≤–æ–∑—Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è.

–û–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–∏—Ç–µ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏—é —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏

–ú—ã –Ω–∞—á–Ω–µ–º —Å –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–∏ Python , –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω—è–µ—Ç –Ω–∞—à—É —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫—É –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ :

–ú—ã –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∏ —Å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–∞ Python len () –¥–ª—è –ø–æ–ª—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–ª–∏–Ω—ã –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞. –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ —ç—Ç–æ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∑–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å —Ü–∏–∫–ª Python for , –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –ø–µ—Ä–µ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ—Ç –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.

–î–ª—è –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–π –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏ —Ü–∏–∫–ª–∞ –º—ã —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–∞–≤–ª–∏–≤–∞–µ–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ minimum –∫–∞–∫ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ. –ú—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –ø–æ—à–∞–≥–æ–≤–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ —Ä–∞–Ω–µ–µ. –ö–∞–∫ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –º—ã " –ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∫–∏ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–∞—á–∏–Ω–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –µ—â–µ –æ–¥–∏–Ω —Ü–∏–∫–ª for, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –ø—Ä–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç —á–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.

–î–ª—è –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –Ω–∞—à –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–µ—Ç, –ø—Ä–µ–≤—ã—à–∞–µ—Ç –ª–∏ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥–º–µ—Ç. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ —Ç–∞–∫, –Ω–∏—á–µ–≥–æ –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç; –≤ –ø—Ä–æ—Ç–∏–≤–Ω–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–º, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ —á–∏—Ç–∞–µ—Ç.

–ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —Ü–∏–∫–ª–∞ –ø–æ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–º—É —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—É –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –Ω–∞—à –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –≤ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –Ω–∞—à–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ–¥–æ–ª–∂–∞—Ç—å —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—É, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –Ω–µ –∑–∞–≤–µ—Ä—à–∏—Ç—Å—è –≤–µ—Ä—Ö–Ω–∏–π —Ü–∏–∫–ª for. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ —Å —Ç–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø–æ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä—É –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ä–∞–∑, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –¥–ª–∏–Ω–µ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞.

–í—ã–∑–æ–≤ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–∏ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏

–í—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –∑–∞–º–µ—Ç–∏—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ –µ—Å–ª–∏ –º—ã –∑–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏–º –Ω–∞—à—É –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –Ω–∏—á–µ–≥–æ –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–æ–π–¥–µ—Ç. –≠—Ç–æ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ –º—ã –µ—â–µ –Ω–µ —Å–∫–∞–∑–∞–ª–∏ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º—É –∫–æ–¥—É, –∫–∞–∫–∏–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å. –î–æ–±–∞–≤—å—Ç–µ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –∫–æ–¥ –≤ –∫–æ–Ω–µ—Ü —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—ã, –≤–Ω–µ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–∏ sortList:

"–ö–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä–Ω–∞—è –∫–∞—Ä–º–∞ –≤–æ—à–ª–∞ –≤ –º–æ—é –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å —Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ–Ω–∞ –º–Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–∞ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–∞ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ, –∏ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–ª–∞ –º–Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–π—Ç–∏ –∫—É—Ä—Å –æ–±—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ß–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –¥–≤–∞ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–∞ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –æ–∫–æ–Ω—á–∞–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±—ã —è –æ–±–Ω–∞—Ä—É–∂–∏–ª —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞ –º–æ–µ–π –º–µ—á—Ç—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –º–æ–∏–º —Ü–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—è–º –∏ —Ü–µ–ª—è–º –≤ –∂–∏–∑–Ω–∏! "

–í–µ–Ω–µ—Ä–∞, –∏–Ω–∂–µ–Ω–µ—Ä-–ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Å—Ç Rockbot

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –º—ã –∑–∞–ø—É—Å–∫–∞–µ–º –Ω–∞—à—É –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É , –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–µ–µ:

–ù–∞—à —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω. –ü–æ—Ö–ª–æ–ø–∞–π—Ç–µ —Å–µ–±—è –ø–æ —Å–ø–∏–Ω–µ; –≤—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ!

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫—É –ø–æ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä—É –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –≤ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ —É–±—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Ç–∞–∫–∏–º –æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–º, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å " if " –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä –≤ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–µ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –Ω–∞ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–µ–µ:

–ú—ã –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏–ª–∏ –∑–Ω–∞–∫ "–º–µ–Ω—å—à–µ —á–µ–º" –Ω–∞ –∑–Ω–∞–∫ "–±–æ–ª—å—à–µ". –≠—Ç–æ –æ—Ç—Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä—É–µ—Ç –Ω–∞—à —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –≤ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ —É–±—ã–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–æ –Ω–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ. –¢–µ—Ö–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ –Ω–∞—à–µ –º–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—Å—è –º–∞–∫—Å–∏–º–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º.

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É–µ—Ç –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫—É –ø–æ –≤—ã–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—é?

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø–æ –≤—ã–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—é, –∫–∞–∫ –∏ –ø—É–∑—ã—Ä—å–∫–æ–≤–∞—è —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞, –ª—É—á—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è –Ω–µ–±–æ–ª—å—à–∏—Ö —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–æ–≤. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ —Å —Ç–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º –Ω–µ " t —Å—Ç–æ–ª—å –∂–µ —ç—Ñ—Ñ–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–µ–Ω, –∫–∞–∫ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ, —Ç–∞–∫–∏–µ –∫–∞–∫ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–æ–π, –ø—Ä–∏ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–∏ –≤ –±–æ–ª—å—à–∏—Ö —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞—Ö.

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø–æ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä—É - –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã–π —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–± –Ω–∞—É—á–∏—Ç—å—Å—è, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –Ω–∞—á–∏–Ω–∞–µ—Ç–µ —Å –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º–æ–≤ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏. –î—Ä—É–≥–∏–µ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —Ç—Ä—É–¥–Ω–æ –æ—Å–≤–æ–∏—Ç—å, –Ω–æ —á–µ—Ç–∫–æ–µ –ø–æ–Ω–∏–º–∞–Ω–∏–µ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø–æ–º–æ—á—å –≤–∞–º –ø–æ–Ω—è—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã–µ —Ç–∏–ø—ã —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–æ–≤.

–ö–∞–∫–æ–≤–∞ —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞?

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –≤—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω—É—é —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å O ( n2). –≠—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç —Ä–∞—Å—Ç–∏ —ç–∫—Å–ø–æ–Ω–µ–Ω—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ –≤ –∑–∞–≤–∏—Å–∏–º–æ—Å—Ç–∏ –æ—Ç –∫–æ–ª–∏—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∞ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.

O (n2) - —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å –Ω–∞–∏—Ö—É–¥—à–µ–≥–æ, —Å—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–µ–≥–æ –∏ –Ω–∞–∏–ª—É—á—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è –¥–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º–∞. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã & Rsquo; —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –æ —Å–ª–æ–∂–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—è—Ö —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏, –æ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—å—Ç–µ—Å—å —Å –Ω–∞—à–∏–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ–º –ø–æ –Ω–æ—Ç–∞—Ü–∏–∏ Big O .

–ó–∞–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ

–í—ã–±–æ—Ä —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ - –≤–∞–∂–Ω—ã–π –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∏ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö. –°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –ø–æ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä—É —á–∏—Ç–∞–µ—Ç –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –∏ –Ω–∞ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–π –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ—â–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–∞–∏–º–µ–Ω—å—à–∏–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞. –≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –¥–æ —Ç–µ—Ö –ø–æ—Ä, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –Ω–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–æ—á–∏—Ç–∞–Ω –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.

–°–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—ã–±–æ—Ä–∞ –Ω–µ —à–∏—Ä–æ–∫–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –∑–∞ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–∞–º–∏ –æ–±—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ –µ—Å—Ç—å –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —ç—Ñ—Ñ–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–Ω—ã–µ –∞–ª–≥–æ—Ä–∏—Ç–º—ã. –° —É—á–µ—Ç–æ–º —Å–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ, –æ–Ω–∏ —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–∏–º —Ç—Ä–∞–º–ø–ª–∏–Ω–æ–º –¥–ª—è –∏–∑—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö –≤–∏–¥–æ–≤, —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –∫–∞–∫ —Å–æ—Ä—Ç–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∫–∞ –≤—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ —Å–ª–∏—è–Ω–∏–µ–º.

–•–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –æ Python? –ü—Ä–æ—á—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—à–µ –ø–æ–ª–Ω–æ–µ —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ø–æ –∏–∑—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—é Python , —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—å —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ç—ã —ç–∫—Å–ø–µ—Ä—Ç–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥—É—Ç –≤–∞–º —Ä–∞—Å—à–∏—Ä–∏—Ç—å —Å–≤–æ–∏ –∑–Ω–∞–Ω–∏—è.