–¶–µ–ª–æ—á–∏—Å–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –Ω–µ–ª—å–∑—è –≤—ã—á–∏—Ç–∞—Ç—å –∏–∑ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–≤—ã—Ö –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–π –∏ –Ω–∞–æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç. –≠—Ç–æ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ –∏ —Ü–µ–ª—ã–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞ —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã–º–∏ —Ç–∏–ø–∞–º–∏ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ—Ç–µ—Å—å –≤—ã—á–µ—Å—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É –∏–∑ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–≥–æ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞, –≤—ã –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç–µ —Å–æ–æ–±—â–µ–Ω–∏–µ –æ–± –æ—à–∏–±–∫–µ —Ç–∏–ø–∞ " TypeError: –Ω–µ–ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ —Ç–∏–ø—ã –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–æ–≤ –¥–ª—è -: " str " –∏ " int " & rdquo ;.
–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º—ã –≥–æ–≤–æ—Ä–∏–º –æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–π –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∏ –∏ –æ –ø—Ä–∏—á–∏–Ω–∞—Ö –µ–µ –≤–æ–∑–Ω–∏–∫–Ω–æ–≤–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ú—ã —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –ø–æ–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –≤–∞–º –ø–æ–Ω—è—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫ —Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç—É –æ—à–∏–±–∫—É –≤ –≤–∞—à–µ–º –∫–æ–¥–µ.
TypeError: –Ω–µ–ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ —Ç–∏–ø—ã –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–æ–≤ –¥–ª—è -: " str " –∏ " int "
–í –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–∏–µ –æ—Ç –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö —è–∑—ã–∫–æ–≤ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è, —Å–∏–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Å–∏—Å Python —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–≥–æ —Ç–∏–ø–∏–∑–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω. –û–¥–Ω–∏–º –∏–∑ —Å–ª–µ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–∏–π —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ, —á—Ç–æ –≤–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Ç–∏–ø—ã –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç–æ–≤, —Ç–∞–∫–∏–µ –∫–∞–∫ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ –∏ —Ü–µ–ª—ã–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–∞—Ç—Ä–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å –∏—Ö –∫–∞–∫ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Ç–∏–ø –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö.
–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã –ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ—Ç–µ—Å—å –≤—ã—á–µ—Å—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞ –¥–ª—è —Ü–µ–ª–æ–≥–æ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–æ–±–æ—Ä–æ—Ç, Python –Ω–µ –∑–Ω–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–æ —Å —Ç–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤—ã—á–∏—Ç–∞—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–≤—ã–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è.
–¢–æ—á–Ω–æ —Ç–∞–∫ –∂–µ –≤—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É –∫ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–º—É —á–∏—Å–ª—É –∏–ª–∏ —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª–∏—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É –Ω–∞ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ. –í—Å–µ —ç—Ç–∏ –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞—é—Ç " –Ω–µ–ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ —Ç–∏–ø—ã –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞–Ω–¥–æ–≤ " –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∞.
–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Å—Ü–µ–Ω–∞—Ä–∏—è
–ú—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –¥–ª—è —Ä–∞—Å—Ö–æ–¥–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è —Å—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –¥–µ–Ω–µ–≥ –∫—Ç–æ-—Ç–æ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ—Ç—Å—è –≤ —Å–≤–æ–µ–º –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç–µ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–∏—è –ø–æ–∫—É–ø–∫–∏. –≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø—Ä–æ—Å–∏—Ç –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è —É–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å —Å—Ç–æ–∏–º–æ—Å—Ç—å –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–π —Å–æ–≤–µ—Ä—à–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–π –ø–æ–∫—É–ø–∫–∏. –≠—Ç–æ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –≤—ã—á—Ç–µ–Ω–æ –∏–∑ –æ–±—â–µ–π —Å—É–º–º—ã –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç–∞ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è.
–î–ª—è –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –≤–≤–æ–¥–∞ () –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ :
–ú—ã –ø—Ä–µ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –≤ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–∞ int (). –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã –ø—Ä–æ—Å–∏–º –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—è –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Å–≤–µ–¥–µ–Ω–∏—è –æ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–æ–∫—É–ø–∫–µ. –ú—ã —Å–ø—Ä–∞—à–∏–≤–∞–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –∫—É–ø–∏–ª–∏ –∏ —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∏—Ö —Å—Ç–æ–∏–ª–æ:
81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ç—Ä—É–¥–æ—É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–∏—Ö —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ—Å–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è. –ü–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–≥–ª–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã–π –∫—É—Ä—Å —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.
–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ —Å–º–µ–Ω—É –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—ã, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.
–ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã –≤—ã—á–∏—Ç–∞–µ–º —Ü–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—å " price " –∏–∑ " –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç–∞ & rdquo ;. –≠—Ç–æ –≥–æ–≤–æ—Ä–∏—Ç –Ω–∞–º, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å –æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏–ª –≤ —Å–≤–æ–µ–º –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç–µ.
–ú—ã –¥–µ–ª–∞–µ–º —ç—Ç–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–∞ –≤—ã—á–∏—Ç–∞–Ω–∏—è (-):
–ó–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—à –∫–æ–¥, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å, —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç –ª–∏ –Ω–∞—à–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞:
–ú—ã " –ú—ã —Å–∫–∞–∑–∞–ª–∏ –Ω–∞—à–µ–π –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–µ, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞—à –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç —Å–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç 400 –¥–æ–ª–ª–∞—Ä–æ–≤ –≤ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü. –ú—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏–æ–±—Ä–µ–ª–∏ –ø–æ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∫—É –¥–ª—è –º–æ–Ω–∏—Ç–æ—Ä–∞ —Å—Ç–æ–∏–º–æ—Å—Ç—å—é 35 –¥–æ–ª–ª–∞—Ä–æ–≤. –ù–∞—à–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Ä–∞—Å—Å—á–∏—Ç–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞—à –Ω–æ–≤—ã–π –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç. –î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–º —ç—Ç—É –æ—à–∏–±–∫—É.
–†–µ—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ
–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —Ç–∞–∫ –î–ª—è —É—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç—Ç–æ–π –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∏ –º—ã –ø—Ä–µ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑—É–µ–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ " price " –≤ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É.
–ü–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é input () –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É. –ú—ã –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏–ª–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ " budget " –±—ã—Ç—å —Ü–µ–ª—ã–º —á–∏—Å–ª–æ–º —Ä–∞–Ω–µ–µ –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –∫–æ–¥–µ. –û–¥–Ω–∞–∫–æ –º—ã –Ω–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏–ª–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ " price & rdquo ;. –≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–∏–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç –∫ —Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤—ã—á–∏—Ç–∞–µ—Ç —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ –∏–∑ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–µ–≤–æ–∑–º–æ–∂–Ω–æ.
Python –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∞–≤—Ç–æ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–µ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É –≤ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ Python —Å—Ç–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏ —Ç–∏–ø–∏–∑–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω.
–ú—ã —É—Å—Ç—Ä–∞–Ω—è–µ–º —ç—Ç—É –æ—à–∏–±–∫—É, –∑–∞–º–µ–Ω—è—è " price " –æ–±—ä—è–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å —ç—Ç–∏–º –∫–æ–¥–æ–º:
–ú—ã –∑–∞–∫–ª—é—á–∏–ª–∏ –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä input () —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é int (). –í —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è—â–µ–µ—Å—è –≤ " price " –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω–∞—è —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ. –≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–µ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑—É–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å –≤—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞—à—É –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –≤ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ. –ó–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ —Å —ç—Ç–æ–π –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–π –∫–æ–¥–∞:
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç —É—Å–ø–µ—à–Ω–æ. –ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤—ã—á–∏—Ç–∞–µ—Ç 35 –∏–∑ 400. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –Ω–∞—à–∞ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∞ –≤—ã–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª—å, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –¥–µ–Ω–µ–≥ —É –Ω–∞—Å –æ—Å—Ç–∞–ª–æ—Å—å –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –±—é–¥–∂–µ—Ç–µ.