–°–ø–∏—Å–∫–∏ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω—è—Ç—å —Å –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–º–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞–º–∏ . –≠—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª—è—Ç—å —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–º–æ–µ –æ–¥–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –≤ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π. –ó–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏–º–∏ —Ç–∏–ø–∞–º–∏ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö, —Ç–∞–∫–∏–º–∏ –∫–∞–∫ —Ü–µ–ª—ã–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–∞, –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω—ã –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫.
–ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ—Ç–µ—Å—å –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫, –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–ø—Ä–µ—Ç–∞—Ç–æ—Ä Python –≤–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç " TypeError: –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å list (–Ω–µ " int ") –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ " –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∞.
–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º—ã –ø–æ–≥–æ–≤–æ—Ä–∏–º –æ —Ç–æ–º, —á—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç —ç—Ç–∞ –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∞ –∏ –∫–∞–∫ –æ–Ω–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç. –ú—ã —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –ø–æ–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –≤–∞–º —Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç—É –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—É –≤ –∫–æ–¥–µ.
TypeError: –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ (–Ω–µ " int ") –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫
–û–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–µ —É–ø—Ä–æ—â–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ª–æ–∂–∏—Ç–µ –¥–≤–∞ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–µ. –•–æ—Ç—è –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ extend () –¥–ª—è –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –≤ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫, –¥–ª—è –∫–æ–Ω–∫–∞—Ç–µ–Ω–∞—Ü–∏–∏ —Ç—Ä–µ–±—É–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –æ–¥–∏–Ω —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª: –∑–Ω–∞–∫ –ø–ª—é—Å–∞ ( +).
–°–ø–∏—Å–∫–∏ - –Ω–µ –µ–¥–∏–Ω—Å—Ç–≤–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å. –õ—é–±–æ–π –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∏—Ä—É–µ–º—ã–π –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –∏–ª–∏ –∫–æ—Ä—Ç–µ–∂, –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω.
–î–≤–∞ –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç–∞ —Å —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã–º–∏ —Ç–∏–ø–∞–º–∏ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω—ã. –≠—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Å–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ–º –∏–ª–∏ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ —Å–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–æ–º.
–í—ã —Å—Ç–æ–ª–∫–Ω—É–ª–∏—Å—å —Å –æ—à–∏–±–∫–æ–π " TypeError: –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ (–Ω–µ " int ") –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ " –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ—Ç–µ –∫–æ–Ω–∫–∞—Ç–µ–Ω–∞—Ü–∏—é –¥–ª—è –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –æ–¥–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–≥–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫.
–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Å—Ü–µ–Ω–∞—Ä–∏—è
–ú—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∑–∞–∫–∞–∑–æ–≤ –±—ã–ª–æ —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—â–µ–Ω–æ –¥–ª—è –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –±—É—Ç–µ—Ä–±—Ä–æ–¥–æ–≤ –≤ –∫–∞—Ñ–µ –≤ –ø—è—Ç–Ω–∏—Ü—É. –ú—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –æ—Ç—Ñ–∏–ª—å—Ç—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤—Å–µ –±—É—Ç–µ—Ä–±—Ä–æ–¥—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –±—ã–ª–∏ –∑–∞–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω—ã –±–æ–ª–µ–µ 75 —Ä–∞–∑, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –º—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –≤–∏–¥–µ—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫–∏–µ –±—É—Ç–µ—Ä–±—Ä–æ–¥—ã –Ω–∞–∏–±–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø–æ–ø—É–ª—è—Ä–Ω—ã.
81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω—ã –≤ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–µ –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤—ã –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ—Å–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è. –ù–∞–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ –ø–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥ –∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–º—É –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—é —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.
–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—É—é –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—É, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.
–ú—ã –Ω–∞—á–∏–Ω–∞–µ–º —Å –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–≤—É—Ö —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–æ–≤ : —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Å—ç–Ω–¥–≤–∏—á–µ–π –∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫, —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—â–∏–π –∫–æ–ª–∏—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ –∑–∞–∫–∞–∑–æ–≤, —Ä–∞–∑–º–µ—â–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –¥–ª—è –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ —Å—ç–Ω–¥–≤–∏—á–∞.
–ù–∞—à–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∏ –ø—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω—ã –¥–ª—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ " sandwiches " –∏ " –∑–∞–∫–∞–∑—ã & rdquo ;. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—è–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–æ–≤—ã–µ –Ω–æ–º–µ—Ä–∞ –±—É—Ç–µ—Ä–±—Ä–æ–¥–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –±—ã–ª–∏ –∑–∞–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω—ã –±–æ–ª–µ–µ 75 —Ä–∞–∑.
–ù–∞ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –º–æ–º–µ–Ω—Ç —ç—Ç–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∏ –ø—É—Å—Ç—ã. –≠—Ç–æ –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É, —á—Ç–æ –º—ã –µ—â–µ –Ω–µ –≤—ã—è—Å–Ω–∏–ª–∏, –∫–∞–∫–∏–µ –±—É—Ç–µ—Ä–±—Ä–æ–¥—ã –±—ã–ª–∏ –∑–∞–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω—ã –±–æ–ª–µ–µ 75 —Ä–∞–∑.