Наборы Python: Руководство
__main__ Python module |
Python functions
Michael Zippo
27.11.2021
–ß–∞—Å—Ç–æ, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç–µ —Å –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏, –≤–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å –ø–æ–≤—Ç–æ—Ä—è—é—â–∏—Ö—Å—è –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–π –∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö –Ω–µ–ª—å–∑—è –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å. –ù–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Å–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç–µ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –∏–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ñ–∏–∫–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–≤ –ø–æ–∫—É–ø–æ–∫ –≤ –ø—Ä–æ–¥—É–∫—Ç–æ–≤–æ–º –º–∞–≥–∞–∑–∏–Ω–µ, –≤–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π –∏–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ñ–∏–∫–∞—Ç–æ—Ä –±—ã–ª —É–Ω–∏–∫–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–º, –∏ –≤—ã –Ω–µ —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –∫—Ç–æ-–ª–∏–±–æ –º–æ–≥ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ –≤–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ.
–í–æ—Ç –≥–¥–µ –ø–æ—è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ Python. –ù–∞–±–æ—Ä –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç —Å–æ–±–æ–π –Ω–µ—É–ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–æ—á–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —É–Ω–∏–∫–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è.
–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ —Å–æ —Å—Å—ã–ª–∫–æ–π –Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä—ã –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –æ–±—Å—É–∂–¥–∞—Ç—å—Å—è –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤—ã –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–æ–≤ Python –∏ —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±—ã –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –æ–±—ã—á–Ω—ã—Ö –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–π, —Ç–∞–∫–∏—Ö –∫–∞–∫ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∏ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–π –∏–∑ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞.
–ù–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã Python
–í—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–Ω–∞—è —Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ç—É—Ä–∞ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ Python - —ç—Ç–æ –∞–Ω–∞–ª–æ–≥–∏—á–Ω–æ –∏–¥–µ–µ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–æ–≤ –≤ –º–∞—Ç–µ–º–∞—Ç–∏–∫–µ.
–ù–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã Python –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å –Ω–æ–ª—å –∏–ª–∏ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤, –∏ –Ω–µ—Ç –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–∞ –¥–ª—è –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ. –ö–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç, —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è—â–∏–π—Å—è –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ, —É–Ω–∏–∫–∞–ª–µ–Ω, –ø–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É –¥—É–±–ª–∏–∫–∞—Ç—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å, –∏ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–µ –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–æ.
–•–æ—Ç—è –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω—ã–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω—ã, —Å–∞–º –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å. –≠—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –º—ã –º–æ–∂–µ–º –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª—è—Ç—å –∏–ª–∏ —É–¥–∞–ª—è—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –∏–∑ –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞.
–°—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ç—É—Ä–∞ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω–∞, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∞ –≤–∫–ª—é—á–∞–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–µ–±—è —Ä—è–¥ –º–∞—Ç–µ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏—Ö –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–π, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –º—ã –º–æ–∂–µ–º –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã —Å –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –º—ã —Å–æ—Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏–ª–∏ –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä.
–°–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ Python
–í Python –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞–∫ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ (–∏–ª–∏ " elements "), —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –∑–∞–ø—è—Ç—ã–º–∏. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –∑–∞–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω –≤ —Ñ–∏–≥—É—Ä–Ω—ã–µ —Å–∫–æ–±–∫–∏ ({}).
81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ç—Ä—É–¥–æ—É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–∏—Ö —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ—Å–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è. –ü—Ä–∏—Å–æ–µ–¥–∏–Ω—è–π—Ç–µ—Å—å –∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–º—É –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—é —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.
–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ —Å–º–µ–Ω—É –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—ã, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.
–ù–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã Python –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å –ª—é–±–æ–µ –∫–æ–ª–∏—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤, –∏ –∫–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã–µ —Ç–∏–ø—ã –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö. –ò—Ç–∞–∫, –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∫–∞–∫ —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ, —Ç–∞–∫ –∏ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É, –∏–ª–∏ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É, —á–∏—Å–ª–æ —Å –ø–ª–∞–≤–∞—é—â–µ–π –∑–∞–ø—è—Ç–æ–π –∏ –∫–æ—Ä—Ç–µ–∂. –û–¥–Ω–∞–∫–æ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è–µ–º—ã–µ —Ç–∏–ø—ã –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö, —Ç–∞–∫–∏–µ –∫–∞–∫ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –∏–ª–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫.
–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, –≤ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–º –±—É–¥–µ—Ç —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –¥–æ–º–∞—à–Ω–∏—Ö –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–π, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç —Å–¥–∞–ª —É—Ä–æ–∫ –∞–Ω–≥–ª–∏–π—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ —è–∑—ã–∫–∞. –ú—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—è —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –∫–æ–¥:
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç:
{" –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 5 ", " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 4 ", " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 7 ", " –ö–æ–Ω–µ—Ü –æ–±–∑–æ—Ä–∞ —Ç–µ–º—ã ‚Ññ 2 "}
–í –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –∫–æ–¥–µ –º—ã –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–∏–ª–∏ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –Ω–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è assignments
, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç —á–µ—Ç—ã—Ä–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã —Ä–∞—Å–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∞–ª–∏ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–º–æ–µ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–π –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª—å. –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤–∏–¥–µ—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞—à–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞—é—Ç—Å—è –≤ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–π–Ω–æ–º –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã –Ω–µ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è—Ç —Å–≤–æ–∏ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –≤ –∫–∞–∫–æ–º-–ª–∏–±–æ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–º –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–∫–µ. & Nbsp;
–ò–∑–º–µ–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞
–ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ –≤—ã –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ. –û–¥–Ω–∞–∫–æ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª—è—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –≤ –∏ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –∏–∑ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞.
–î–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä
–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä Python, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å add ()
. –ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, —É—á–∞—â–∏–π—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —á—Ç–æ —Å–¥–∞–ª –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 8
, –∏ –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞—à –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–¥–∞—á—É –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è —É—á–∞—â–µ–≥–æ—Å—è. –ú—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ, –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—è —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –∫–æ–¥:
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç:
{" –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 8 " " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 4 " " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 5 " " –û–±–∑–æ—Ä –≤ –∫–æ–Ω—Ü–µ —Ç–µ–º—ã # 2 & rsquo ;, " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 7 "}
–ö–∞–∫ –≤–∏–¥–∏—Ç–µ, –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 8
–±—ã–ª –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω –≤ –Ω–∞—à –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä.
–ö—Ä–æ–º–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å update ()
–º–µ—Ç–æ–¥. –ú–µ—Ç–æ–¥ update ()
–ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, –≤ –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–∞, –∞ –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç —ç—Ç–∏ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä.
–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, —á—Ç–æ —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç —Å–¥–∞–ª –æ–±–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—á–∏—Ö –ª–∏—Å—Ç–∞ ‚Ññ8 –∏ ‚Ññ9. –ú—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞—à –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –æ—Ç—Ä–∞–∑–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç–∏ –Ω–æ–≤—ã–µ –Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è, –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∞–≤–∞–µ–º—ã–µ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–¥–∞:
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç:
{" –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 9 " " –û–±–∑–æ—Ä —Ç–µ–º—ã ‚Ññ 2 " " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 8 & rsquo ;, " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 7 & rsquo ;, " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 4 & rsquo ;, " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 5 "}
–¢–µ–ø–µ—Ä—å –Ω–∞—à –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –¥–≤–∞ –Ω–æ–≤—ã—Ö –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è: –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 8
–∏ –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 9
.
–£–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ –∏–∑ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞
–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏–∑ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å discard ()
–∏–ª–∏ remove ()
.
–§—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏—è discard ()
—É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏–∑ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ –∏ –Ω–∏—á–µ–≥–æ –Ω–µ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç, –µ—Å–ª–∏ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –Ω–µ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –≤ –∫–æ–º–ø–ª–µ–∫—Ç–µ. –§—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏—è remove ()
–ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏–∑ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞, –∏ –µ—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –Ω–µ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç, –≤–æ–∑–Ω–∏–∫–Ω–µ—Ç –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∞.
–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç–µ –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 9
–∏–∑ –Ω–∞—à–µ–π –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å–∏ –æ –¥–æ–º–∞—à–Ω–∏—Ö –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è—Ö —É—á–∞—â–µ–≥–æ—Å—è, –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –∏—Ö –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å–∏–ª–∏ –ø–æ–≤—Ç–æ—Ä–Ω–æ –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–µ. –ú—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–¥–∞:
"–ö–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä–∞ –ö–∞—Ä–º–∞ –≤–æ—à–ª–∞ –≤ –º–æ—é –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —è –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –≤ –Ω–µ–π –Ω—É–∂–¥–∞–ª—Å—è, –∏ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–ª–∞ –º–Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–π—Ç–∏ –∫—É—Ä—Å –æ–±—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ß–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –¥–≤–∞ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–∞ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –æ–∫–æ–Ω—á–∞–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±—ã —è –Ω–∞—à–µ–ª —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—É —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –º–µ—á—Ç—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∞ —Å –º–æ–∏–º–∏ —Ü–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—è–º–∏ –∏ —Ü–µ–ª—è–º–∏ –≤ –∂–∏–∑–Ω–∏! "
–í–µ–Ω–µ—Ä–∞, –∏–Ω–∂–µ–Ω–µ—Ä-–ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Å—Ç Rockbot
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç:
{" –û–±–∑–æ—Ä —Ç–µ–º—ã ‚Ññ 2 & rsquo ;, " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 5 ", " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 4 ", " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 8 " " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 7 "}
–ö–∞–∫ –≤–∏–¥–∏—Ç–µ, –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ Worksheet # 9
–±—ã–ª–æ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–æ –∏–∑ –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞. –ú—ã –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–≥–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–∞ discard ()
.
–û—á–∏—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä
–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –æ—á–∏—Å—Ç–∏—Ç—å –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å clear ()
–º–µ—Ç–æ–¥. –ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —Å—Ç–µ—Ä–µ—Ç—å –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å—å –æ –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è—Ö —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–∞, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ —ç—Ç–æ –∫–æ–Ω–µ—Ü –≥–æ–¥–∞, –∏ –Ω–∞–º –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –Ω–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é. –ú—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–¥–∞:
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç: {}. –≠—Ç–æ –æ—Ç—Ä–∞–∂–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–∞—à –ø—É—Å—Ç–æ–π –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä.
–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—Å—è –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ, –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å len ()
–º–µ—Ç–æ–¥.
–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –¥–æ–º–∞—à–Ω–∏—Ö –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–π —Å–¥–∞–ª —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç. –≠—Ç–æ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–¥–∞:
–ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç: 6. –í –Ω–∞—à–µ–º –∫–æ–¥–µ –º—ã —Å–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –æ–±—ä—è–≤–ª—è–µ–º –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä —Å –∏–º–µ–Ω–µ–º assignments
. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –º—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ len ()
, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—Å—è –≤ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–µ assignments
.
–û–¥–Ω–∏–º –∏–∑ –ø—Ä–µ–∏–º—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞ –¥–ª—è —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä—ã –ø–æ–¥–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç –º–∞—Ç–µ–º–∞—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏. –î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º, –∫–∞–∫ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞—é—Ç —Ç—Ä–∏ –æ—Å–Ω–æ–≤–Ω—ã–µ –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –Ω–∞–¥ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä–∞–º–∏.
–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, —É –Ω–∞—Å –µ—Å—Ç—å –¥–≤–∞ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–π —É—á–∞—â–µ–≥–æ—Å—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å. –û–¥–∏–Ω —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –æ –¥–æ–º–∞—à–Ω–µ–º –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–∏ —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–∞, –∞ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π - —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –∑–∞–¥–∞–Ω–∏–π, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Å—Ç—É–¥–µ–Ω—Ç –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏–ª. –ú—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–∏—Ç—å —ç—Ç–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∏ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–æ–¥–∞:
{" –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 7 ", " –≠—Å—Å–µ ‚Ññ 2 ", " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 4 ", " –≠—Å—Å–µ ‚Ññ 1 " " –†–∞–±–æ—á–∏–π –ª–∏—Å—Ç ‚Ññ 5 "} < br>
–í –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ –∞–ª—å—Ç–µ—Ä–Ω–∞—Ç–∏–≤—ã –º—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π –∫–æ–¥:
The " | " –û–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω—è–µ—Ç –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏—é –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä:
{" Essay # 2 & rsquo ;, " Worksheet # 4 " " Worksheet # 5 " " Essay # 1 " " Worksheet # 7 "}
–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, —É –Ω–∞—Å –µ—Å—Ç—å —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Å–æ—á–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–π, —Å–¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —É—á–∞—â–∏–º—Å—è, –∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –æ–ø—É–±–ª–∏–∫–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–æ—á–∏–Ω–µ–Ω–∏–π. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –±—ã –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–µ–ª–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫–∏–µ —ç—Å—Å–µ –µ—â–µ –Ω–µ —Å–¥–∞–ª —É—á–∞—â–∏–π—Å—è, –º—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Å–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è.