Python Удалить ключ из словаря: полное руководство

Michael Zippo 27.11.2021

–ú–µ—Ç–æ–¥ Python pop () –∏ –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ del —É–¥–∞–ª—è—é—Ç –∫–ª—é—á–∏ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. pop () –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç –≤ –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ –∞—Ä–≥—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –∏–º—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ö–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ del —Å—Ç–æ–∏—Ç —Å–∞–º–æ –ø–æ —Å–µ–±–µ –∏ –æ—Ç–Ω–æ—Å–∏—Ç—Å—è –∫ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–º—É –∫–ª—é—á—É.

–°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏ - —ç—Ç–æ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è–µ–º—ã–µ –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç—ã. –≠—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è—Ç—å –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è—Ç—Å—è –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è—Ö. –í —Ä–µ–∑—É–ª—å—Ç–∞—Ç–µ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤ –ª—é–±–æ–π –º–æ–º–µ–Ω—Ç —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á–∏ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ–π, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –æ–Ω–∏ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –Ω–µ –Ω—É–∂–Ω—ã.

–ü—Ä–µ–¥–ø–æ–ª–æ–∂–∏–º, —É –≤–∞—Å –µ—Å—Ç—å —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å Python , –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é –æ –∫–Ω–∏–≥–∞—Ö, –ø—Ä–æ–¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –≤ –∫–Ω–∏–∂–Ω–æ–º –º–∞–≥–∞–∑–∏–Ω–µ. –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π —É–∫–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç, –±—ã–ª–∞ –ª–∏ –∫–Ω–∏–≥–∞ –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ —Ä–µ–∫–æ–º–µ–Ω–¥–æ–≤–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö –º–µ–Ω–µ–¥–∂–µ—Ä–æ–º.

Python Remove Key from Dictionary

–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –≤ Python –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –∏–ª–∏ " del " –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ. –û–±–∞ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–∞ —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞—é—Ç –æ–¥–∏–Ω–∞–∫–æ–≤–æ, –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –æ–Ω–∏ —É–¥–∞–ª—è—é—Ç –∫–ª—é—á–∏ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ú–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç –∏–º—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –≤ –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ –∞—Ä–≥—É–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞, —Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∫–∞–∫ " del " –ø—Ä–∏–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–≥–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞ del.

–í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º—ã –æ–±—Å—É–¥–∏–º, –∫–∞–∫ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è Python. –ú—ã —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º –¥–≤–∞ –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–∞, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –≤—ã –º–æ–≥–ª–∏ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ –Ω–∞—á–∞—Ç—å —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∫–ª—é—á–µ–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è.

–£–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è Python: pop ()

–ú–µ—Ç–æ–¥ Python pop () —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å.

–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–æ–≤ –∏–∑ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –ø–æ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–º—É –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—é –∏–Ω–¥–µ–∫—Å–∞. –í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ –º—ã —Å–æ—Å—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Ç–æ—á–∏–º—Å—è –Ω–∞ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏–∏ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ü—Ä–æ—á—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—à–µ —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ø–æ —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤—É Python list pop () –¥–ª—è –ø–æ–ª—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –¥–æ–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–π –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –æ —Ç–æ–º, –∫–∞–∫ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏–∑ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞.

–°–∏–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Å–∏—Å –¥–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥:

81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ç—Ä—É–¥–æ—É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–∏—Ö —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ—Å–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è. –ü—Ä–æ–π–¥–∏—Ç–µ —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã–π –∫—É—Ä—Å —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.

–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ —Å–º–µ–Ω—É –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—ã, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.

–ú–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –ø–æ–º–æ—á—å –ø—Ä–∏–Ω—è—Ç—å –æ–¥–∏–Ω –∏–ª–∏ –¥–≤–∞ –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–∞:

–ò–º—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å (–æ–±—è–∑–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ).
–ó–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–æ –±—ã—Ç—å –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–µ–Ω–æ, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –Ω–∞–π–¥–µ–Ω ( –Ω–µ–æ–±—è–∑–∞—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ).

–ü–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é pop () –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–µ —Å –∫–ª—é—á–æ–º, —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è.

–ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —É–∫–∞–∂–∏—Ç–µ –æ–¥–∏–Ω –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä, –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–ø—Ä–µ—Ç–∞—Ç–æ—Ä –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –≤—ã–¥–∞—Ç—å Python KeyError . –≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–æ–π–¥–µ—Ç, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ—Ç–µ—Å—å —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç –∏–∑ –Ω–µ—Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—â–µ–≥–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è.

–ü—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä pop ()

–ú—ã —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–µ–º –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç –æ–±—É–≤—å, –∏–º–µ—é—â—É—é—Å—è –Ω–∞ —Å–∫–ª–∞–¥–µ –≤ –º–µ—Å—Ç–Ω–æ–º –æ–±—É–≤–Ω–æ–º –º–∞–≥–∞–∑–∏–Ω–µ. –î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—á–Ω–µ–º —Å –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è –º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ Python . –≠—Ç–æ—Ç –º–∞—Å—Å–∏–≤ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –æ–±—É–≤–∏, —Å –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –º—ã –º–æ–∂–µ–º —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞—Ç—å:

–í –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ –æ–±—É–≤–∏ –µ—Å—Ç—å —Ç—Ä–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ö–∞–∂–¥—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç —á–µ—Ç—ã—Ä–µ –∫–ª—é—á–∞: id, name, brand –∏ in_stock. id - —É–Ω–∏–∫–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π –∏–¥–µ–Ω—Ç–∏—Ñ–∏–∫–∞—Ç–æ—Ä –æ–±—É–≤–∏. name - –Ω–∞–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ –æ–±—É–≤–∏. –±—Ä–µ–Ω–¥ - —ç—Ç–æ –±—Ä–µ–Ω–¥, –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–≤–æ–¥—è—â–∏–π –æ–±—É–≤—å. in_stock —É–∫–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç, –µ—Å—Ç—å –ª–∏ –æ–±—É–≤—å –≤ –Ω–∞–ª–∏—á–∏–∏.

–û–±—É–≤–Ω–æ–π –º–∞–≥–∞–∑–∏–Ω —Ä–µ—à–∏–ª —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —Ç–µ–≥ " in_stock " –∫–ª—é—á. –û–Ω–∏ —Ö–æ—Ç—è—Ç –∑–∞–º–µ–Ω–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á –Ω–æ–≤—ã–º –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ–º, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –æ—Ç—Å–ª–µ–∂–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç, —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–∞—Ä –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–π –æ–±—É–≤–∏ –µ—Å—Ç—å –≤ –Ω–∞–ª–∏—á–∏–∏. –ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å " in_stock " key –∏–∑ –Ω–∞—à–∏—Ö —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ–π, –º—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop ():

–ü–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä –≤–æ –≤—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–π –≤ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–∏ pop () - –∏–º—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å. –ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –µ—Å–ª–∏ —É–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–π –∫–ª—é—á –Ω–µ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç. –ü–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –∏–º—è —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∫–ª—é—á–∞.

–ù–∞ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–π –∏—Ç–µ—Ä–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ —Ü–∏–∫–ª–∞ –º—ã –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–µ–º, –µ—Å—Ç—å –ª–∏ –≤ —Ç–µ–≥–µ " in_stock " –∫–ª—é—á –±—ã–ª —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–∞ if –≤ Python. –ï—Å–ª–∏ " remove_key " –∏–º–µ–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–Ω–æ–µ –æ—Ç None, —ç—Ç–æ –æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞—à –∫–ª—é—á —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω.

–ü–æ—Å–ª–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è " in_stock " key –Ω–∞—à–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏, –Ω–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤—ã–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç –Ω–∞—à –Ω–æ–≤—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª—å. –ó–∞–ø—É—Å—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –∏ –ø–æ—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏–∑–æ–π–¥–µ—Ç:

–ú—ã —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ–º —Ç–µ–≥–∏ " in_stock " –¥–ª—è –≤—Å–µ–π –Ω–∞—à–µ–π –æ–±—É–≤–∏. –ù–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–∞–º, —á—Ç–æ –Ω–∞—à–∏ –∫–ª—é—á–∏ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω—ã, –∏ –≤—ã–≤–æ–¥–∏—Ç –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –Ω–∞ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª—å.

–£–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è Python: del

–û–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä Python del —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç. –ü–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –ø–∞—Ä—ã "–∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ" –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è—Ö —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –æ–±—ä–µ–∫—Ç–∞–º–∏, –∏—Ö –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é " del " –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ.

" del " –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ—Ç—Å—è –¥–ª—è —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—â–µ–≥–æ –∫–ª—é—á–∞. –û–Ω –≤—ã–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –æ—à–∏–±–∫—É KeyError, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á –æ—Ç—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ.

–î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –≤–∑–≥–ª—è–Ω–µ–º –Ω–∞ —Å–∏–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Å–∏—Å —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–≥–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞:

–ú—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º –Ω–æ—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—é –∏–Ω–¥–µ–∫—Å–∞—Ü–∏–∏ –¥–ª—è –∏–∑–≤–ª–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å. " –∫–ª—é—á " –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç –∏–º—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞, —á—å—é –ø–∞—Ä—É –∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –º—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è.

del Example

–ú—ã —Å–æ–±–∏—Ä–∞–µ–º—Å—è —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º—É, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ –∏–Ω–¥–∏–≤–∏–¥—É–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Ç–æ–ª–∫–æ–≤—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å. –≠—Ç–æ—Ç —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –ø–æ–¥—Ä–æ–±–Ω—É—é –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—é –æ –∫–æ–Ω–∫—Ä–µ—Ç–Ω–æ–π –æ–±—É–≤–∏:

–í –æ–±—É–≤–Ω–æ–º –º–∞–≥–∞–∑–∏–Ω–µ —Ä–µ—à–∏–ª–∏ –Ω–µ –¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —Å–∫–∏–¥–∫–∏ –Ω–∞ –æ–±—É–≤—å Jordan. –û–Ω–∏ —Ö–æ—Ç—è—Ç —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å " Discount " –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ú—ã –º–æ–∂–µ–º —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–≥–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞ del:

–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –∫–æ–¥ —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç " Discount " key –∏–∑ –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–∞ –∏ –ø–æ–∫–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–∞–º –Ω–æ–≤—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å:

–ö–ª—é—á " —Å–∫–∏–¥–∫–∞ " –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –Ω–µ –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ.

"–ö–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä–Ω–∞—è –∫–∞—Ä–º–∞ –≤–æ—à–ª–∞ –≤ –º–æ—é –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —è –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –≤ –Ω–µ–π –Ω—É–∂–¥–∞–ª–∞—Å—å, –∏ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–ª–∞ –º–Ω–µ –ø—Ä–æ–π—Ç–∏ –∫—É—Ä—Å –æ–±—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—è. –ß–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –¥–≤–∞ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–∞ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –æ–∫–æ–Ω—á–∞–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±—ã —è –Ω–∞—à–µ–ª —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—É —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –º–µ—á—Ç—ã, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∞ –º–æ–∏–º —Ü–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—è–º –∏ —Ü–µ–ª–∏ –≤ –∂–∏–∑–Ω–∏! "

–í–µ–Ω–µ—Ä–∞, –∏–Ω–∂–µ–Ω–µ—Ä-–ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Å—Ç Rockbot

–ú–µ–∂–¥—É pop () –∏ del.

–í–æ-–ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã—Ö, –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∫–ª—é—á–∞, —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è, —Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞ –∫–∞–∫ del –Ω–µ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–∏–∫–∞–∫–æ–≥–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è.

–í–æ-–≤—Ç–æ—Ä—ã—Ö, –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ del –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ KeyError, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –Ω–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ. –° –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Å—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–Ω—ã, –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç KeyError, —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –Ω–µ —É–∫–∞–∂–µ—Ç–µ –≤—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä. –í—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä - —ç—Ç–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–µ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–µ–Ω–æ, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á –æ—Ç—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ.

–ó–∞–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ

–ò –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop (), –∏ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ –ö–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ del –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–µ—Ç —É–¥–∞–ª—è—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á–∏ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ú–µ—Ç–æ–¥ pop () –æ–±—ã—á–Ω–æ –±–æ–ª–µ–µ –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–µ–Ω, –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –æ–Ω —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–µ–Ω –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞—Ç—å –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á –Ω–µ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω. –≠—Ç–æ —É–¥–æ–±–Ω–æ, –ø–æ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫—É –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–∞–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥–æ—Ç–≤—Ä–∞—Ç–∏—Ç—å –æ—à–∏–±–∫–∏ KeyErrors.

–•–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –æ –∫–æ–¥–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–∏ –Ω–∞ Python? –ü—Ä–æ—á—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –Ω–∞—à–µ —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ –ø–æ –∏–∑—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—é Python . –≠—Ç–æ —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –ª—É—á—à–∏—Ö –æ–Ω–ª–∞–π–Ω-–∫—É—Ä—Å–æ–≤ –∏ —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã—Ö —Ä–µ—Å—É—Ä—Å–æ–≤, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –¥–ª—è —Ä–∞–∑–≤–∏—Ç–∏—è —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –∑–Ω–∞–Ω–∏–π –æ Python.