Словарь Python: руководство для начинающих

Michael Zippo 27.11.2021

–°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å Python —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –≤ –≤–∏–¥–µ –ø–∞—Ä "–∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ". –ö–ª—é—á - —ç—Ç–æ –º–µ—Ç–∫–∞ –¥–ª—è –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è. –°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏ –æ–±—ä—è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –∫–∞–∫ –Ω–∞–±–æ—Ä –∫–ª—é—á–µ–π –∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–π –º–µ–∂–¥—É –ø–∞—Ä–æ–π —Ñ–∏–≥—É—Ä–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–∫–æ–±–æ–∫. –°–∏–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Å–∏—Å –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–π: " key_name & rdquo ;: value.

–ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –≤—ã –ø—Ä–æ—Å–º–∞—Ç—Ä–∏–≤–∞–µ—Ç–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å (Merriam-Webster " s, –û–∫—Å—Ñ–æ—Ä–¥), —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –∑–∞–º–µ—Ç–∏–ª–∏? –≠—Ç–æ –∫–Ω–∏–≥–∞ –∏–ª–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –≤ –ø—Ä–∏–ª–æ–∂–µ–Ω–∏–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤ —Å —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—â–∏–º–∏ –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è–º–∏ –∏ —ç—Ç–∏–º–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–µ–π:

–∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä–Ω–∞—è –∫–∞—Ä–º–∞

—Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ ca & middot; & # 8203; reer & middot; kar & middot; ma | k & # 601; - & # 712; rir - & # 712; k & auml; rm & # 601;

–û–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ

–ó–¥–µ—Å—å –ø—Ä–∏–≤–µ–¥–µ–Ω—ã –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è

–≠—Ç–∏–º–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏—è

–≠—Ç–∏–º–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏—è –∏ / –∏–ª–∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∞—è –∏–Ω—Ñ–æ—Ä–º–∞—Ü–∏—è –∑–¥–µ—Å—å.

81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ç—Ä—É–¥–æ—É—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –ø–æ—Å–µ—â–µ–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∫—É—Ä—Å–∞. –ü–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–≥–ª–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã–π –∫—É—Ä—Å —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.

–°—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –∫—É—Ä—Å–∞ –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—É—é –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—É, –æ—Ç –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –¥–æ –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.

–í Python —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏ –æ—á–µ–Ω—å –ø–æ–ª–µ–∑–Ω—ã. –ø–æ—Ö–æ–∂–∏–π. –°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –≤ Python - —ç—Ç–æ —Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ç—É—Ä–∞ –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω—è–µ—Ç –ø–∞—Ä—ã –∫–ª—é—á / –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —Ä–∞—Å—Å–∫–∞–∑–∞—Ç—å –Ω–∞–º —á—Ç–æ-—Ç–æ –æ —Å—Ç—Ä—É–∫—Ç—É—Ä–µ. –í —ç—Ç–æ–π —Å—Ç–∞—Ç—å–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–∞—Ç—Ä–∏–≤–∞—é—Ç—Å—è —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏ –∏ –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–µ –∏–∑ –∏—Ö –≤—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–π.

–ß—Ç–æ —Ç–∞–∫–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å Python?

–°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å Python –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç —Å–æ–±–æ–π –ø–∞—Ä—ã –∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ, —Ä–∞–∑–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –∑–∞–ø—è—Ç—ã–º–∏, –∏ –∑–∞–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω—ã –≤ —Ñ–∏–≥—É—Ä–Ω—ã–µ —Å–∫–æ–±–∫–∏. –ö–ª—é—á–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã –±—ã—Ç—å —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–≤—ã–º–∏ –º–µ—Ç–∫–∞–º–∏. –ó–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∞—Ç—å –ª—é–±–æ–π —Ç–∏–ø –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö, –Ω–∞–ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É, —Ü–µ–ª–æ–µ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ –∏–ª–∏ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å.

–°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏ –Ω–µ—É–ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–æ—á–µ–Ω—ã: –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ –∫–æ–Ω—Ç—Ä–æ–ª–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø–æ—Ä—è–¥–æ–∫ –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ, –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–æ —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Å –∫–≤–∞–¥—Ä–∞—Ç–Ω—ã–º–∏ —Å–∫–æ–±–∫–∞–º–∏ < / p>

–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å, –≤–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω—É—é –∏ —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–∏—Ç—å –µ–µ —Ä–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π –¥–≤—É–º —Ñ–∏–≥—É—Ä–Ω—ã–º —Å–∫–æ–±–∫–∞–º. –ü–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω–∞—è –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –∏–º–µ—Ç—å –ª—é–±–æ–µ –Ω–∞–∑–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ & ndash; –≤ —ç—Ç–∏—Ö –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–∞—Ö –º—ã –Ω–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ–º –µ–≥–æ " dictionary "

–í–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è —Å –Ω–µ–∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è–º–∏:

–ù–∞—à —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å —Å–æ–¥–µ—Ä–∂–∏—Ç –¥–≤–∞ –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è. " name " –∏ " –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ " —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞–º–∏, –∞ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏, —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–µ –∑–∞ –Ω–∏–º–∏, —è–≤–ª—è—é—Ç—Å—è –Ω–∞—à–∏–º–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è–º–∏.

–ü–æ–≤—Ç–æ—Ä—è—é—â–∏–µ—Å—è –∫–ª—é—á–∏ –Ω–µ –º–æ–≥—É—Ç —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ. –£ –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω–æ –±—ã—Ç—å —É–Ω–∏–∫–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–µ –∏–º—è.

–°–µ–π—á–∞—Å, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –±—ã –º—ã –Ω–∞–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∞–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ, —ç—Ç–æ –±—ã–ª –±—ã –ø—É—Å—Ç–æ–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å. –î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏–º –∫ –Ω–µ–º—É –∫–æ–µ-—á—Ç–æ:

–ú—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º –æ–±–æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–∫–æ–±–æ–∫ –¥–ª—è —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–Ω–∏—è –ø–∞—Ä –∫–ª—é—á / –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ. –í–Ω—É—Ç—Ä–∏ —Å–∫–æ–±–æ–∫ –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—Å—è —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞, –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª—è—é—â–∞—è –∫–ª—é—á –Ω–∞—à–µ–≥–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ö–ª—é—á —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –Ω–∞–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—é —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∫–ª—é—á–∞.

–ú—ã –º–æ–∂–µ–º –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ç—É –∂–µ –Ω–æ—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—é –¥–ª—è –æ–±–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –û–Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–∑–∞–ø–∏—à–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–µ–¥—ã–¥—É—â–µ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ.

–î–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø –∫ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞–º –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ

–ú—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º —Ç–∞–∫–∞—è –∂–µ –Ω–æ—Ç–∞—Ü–∏—è –¥–ª—è –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø–∞ –∫ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞–º, –ø—Ä–∏—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—â–∏–º –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ.

–ò—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è [" name "] –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∫ —Å–≤–æ–π—Å—Ç–≤—É name —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –∏ –ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∞–µ—Ç –µ–≥–æ –≤ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–ø—Ä–µ—Ç–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–µ.

–í—ã —Ç–∞–∫–∂–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è Python get () –¥–ª—è –∏–∑–≤–ª–µ—á–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è:

–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –∫–æ–¥ —Ä–∞—Å–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ " –∏–º—è " –∫–ª—é—á, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è " Christina "

Python Remove from Dictionary

–°—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç —Ç—Ä–∏ —Ä–∞–∑–ª–∏—á–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–∞ —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç—å –∫–ª—é—á –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è: –æ—Ç–¥–µ–ª—å–Ω–∞—è –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å—å, –≤—Å–µ –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –≤–µ—Å—å —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å.

–ü–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å—å. –ú—ã –¥–µ–ª–∞–µ–º —ç—Ç–æ, –æ–±—Ä–∞—â–∞—è—Å—å –∫ –∫–ª—é—á—É, –æ—Ç –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–≥–æ —Ö–æ—Ç–∏–º –∏–∑–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å—Å—è, –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—è –æ–±–æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–∫–æ–±–æ–∫: del dictionary [" "key name" " ]

–í–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è –æ–ø–µ—Ä–∞—Ç–æ—Ä–∞ del —Å –∏–º–µ–Ω–µ–º –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –¥–ª—è —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —É–∫–∞–∑–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–≥–æ –Ω–∞–º–∏ –∫–ª—é—á–∞:

–í—Ç–æ—Ä–æ–π —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–± —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç –≤—Å–µ –∑–∞–ø–∏—Å–∏ –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ. –ú—ã –¥–µ–ª–∞–µ–º —ç—Ç–æ —Å –ø–æ–º–æ—â—å—é –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–∞ dictionary.clear (). –ü–æ–º–Ω–∏—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ –æ—á–∏—â–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å. –≠–∫–∑–µ–º–ø–ª—è—Ä —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è –≤—Å–µ –µ—â–µ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è, –ø–æ—ç—Ç–æ–º—É –µ–≥–æ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å–Ω–æ–≤–∞.

"–ö–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä–Ω–∞—è –∫–∞—Ä–º–∞ –≤–æ—à–ª–∞ –≤ –º–æ—é –∂–∏–∑–Ω—å —Ç–æ–≥–¥–∞, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –æ–Ω–∞ –º–Ω–µ –±—ã–ª–∞ –Ω—É–∂–Ω–∞ –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ, –∏ –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ –ø–æ–º–æ–≥–ª–∞ –º–Ω–µ –Ω–∞–π—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—Ç–æ –≤ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–º –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä–µ. –ß–µ—Ä–µ–∑ –¥–≤–∞ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–∞ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –æ–∫–æ–Ω—á–∞–Ω–∏—è —É—á–µ–±—ã —è –Ω–∞—à–µ–ª —Å–≤–æ—é –º–µ—á—Ç—É —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è —Å–æ–æ—Ç–≤–µ—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∞ –º–æ–∏–º —Ü–µ–Ω–Ω–æ—Å—Ç—è–º –∏ —Ü–µ–ª—è–º –≤ –∂–∏–∑–Ω–∏! "

–í–µ–Ω–µ—Ä–∞, –∏–Ω–∂–µ–Ω–µ—Ä-–ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Å—Ç Rockbot

–í–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è clear () method:

–ü–æ—Å–ª–µ–¥–Ω–∏–π –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥ –∏–∑–±–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ—Ç –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ —ç–∫–∑–µ–º–ø–ª—è—Ä–∞ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –º—ã –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ–º—Å—è –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø –∫ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—é –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ —Ç–æ–≥–æ, –∫–∞–∫ –æ–Ω –±—ã–ª —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω, –æ–Ω –≤—ã–¥–∞—Å—Ç –æ—à–∏–±–∫—É, —Å–æ–æ–±—â–∞—é—â—É—é –≤–∞–º, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω –Ω–µ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç. –î–ª—è —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ del: del —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å.

–í–æ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è del –∫–ª—é—á–µ–≤–æ–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–æ:

–í–∞—à –∫–æ–¥ –≤—ã–∑–æ–≤–µ—Ç –∏—Å–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–∏—è KeyError, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –ø–æ–ø—ã—Ç–∞–µ—Ç–µ—Å—å –ø–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç—å –¥–æ—Å—Ç—É–ø –∫ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—É —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–π –Ω–µ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç, —Å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ–º —ç—Ç–æ–≥–æ —Å–∏–Ω—Ç–∞–∫—Å–∏—Å–∞. –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–æ—á–∏—Ç–∞—Ç—å –æ —Ç–æ–º, –∫–∞–∫ —Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å KeyError –≤ –Ω–∞—à–µ–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–µ Python KeyError .

oop Through Dictionary

–í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å —Ü–∏–∫–ª for & hellip; in –¥–ª—è —Ü–∏–∫–ª–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–æ–≥–æ –ø—Ä–æ—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∞ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ–π –≤ Python:

–ì–ª–æ—Å—Å–∞—Ä–∏–π –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–æ–≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è Python
–ú—ã –ø–æ–¥–≥–æ—Ç–æ–≤–∏–ª–∏ —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–π, —á–∞—Å—Ç–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–µ–º—ã—Ö —Å —Ç–∏–ø–æ–º –¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è Python. –≠—Ç–æ—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –¥–æ–ª–∂–µ–Ω –ø–æ–º–æ—á—å –≤–∞–º —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å, –∫–∞–∫ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª—è—Ç—å —Å–≤–æ–∏–º–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è–º–∏ –≤ –∫–æ–¥–µ.

–§—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è:
len (dictionary1): –¥–∞–µ—Ç –æ–±—â—É—é –¥–ª–∏–Ω—É —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –û–Ω–∞ —Ä–∞–≤–Ω–∞ –∫–æ–ª–∏—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É –ø–∞—Ä "–∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ" –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ.
str (dictionary1): —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–µ—Ç –ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∞–µ–º–æ–µ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–≤–æ–µ –ø—Ä–µ–¥—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –≠—Ç–æ —Å–æ–ø–æ—Å—Ç–∞–≤–∏–º–æ —Å JavaScript. JSON stringify , –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É—é—Ç—Å—è –¥–ª—è –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è JavaScript.

type (–ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω–∞—è): –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç —Ç–∏–ø –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∞–Ω–Ω–æ–π –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω–æ–π. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∞–Ω–Ω–∞—è –ø–µ—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–Ω–∞—è —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ–º, –æ–Ω–∞ –≤–µ—Ä–Ω–µ—Ç —Ç–∏–ø —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è.

–í—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥—ã —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è

dictionary .clear () < / em>: —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç –≤—Å–µ —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç—ã dictionary1. –û—Å—Ç–∞–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç —Ñ–∞–∫—Ç–∏—á–µ—Å–∫–∏–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –Ω–µ—Ç—Ä–æ–Ω—É—Ç—ã–º, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –µ–≥–æ –º–æ–∂–Ω–æ –±—ã–ª–æ –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å. –≠—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ—Å—Ç–æ –ø—É—Å—Ç–æ–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å.

dictionary .copy (): –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–µ–≥–ª—É–±–æ–∫—É—é –∫–æ–ø–∏—é —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è dict. –ù–µ –∏–∑–º–µ–Ω—è–µ—Ç –∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–Ω—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å.

dictionary .fromkeys (set (), value): —Å–æ–∑–¥–∞–µ—Ç –Ω–æ–≤—ã–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å —Å –ø–∞—Ä–∞–º–µ—Ç—Ä–∞–º–∏, –ø–µ—Ä–µ–¥–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ set () –∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ.

dictionary .get (key, default = –ù–µ—Ç) : –¥–ª—è –∫–ª—é—á–∞ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∏–ª–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –ø–æ —É–º–æ–ª—á–∞–Ω–∏—é, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á –æ—Ç—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ.

dictionary .has_key ( key): –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç true, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ, –∏ false, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤ –ø—Ä–æ—Ç–∏–≤–Ω–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ.

dictionary .items (): –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å & rsquo ; s (–∫–ª—é—á, –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ) –ø–∞—Ä—ã –∫–æ—Ä—Ç–µ–∂–µ–π –≤ —Å–ø–∏—Å–∫–µ ( [ (–∫–ª—é—á1, –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ1), (–∫–ª—é—á2, –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ2) –∏ —Ç. –¥.])

dictionary .keys () : –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –∫–ª—é—á–∏.

—Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å .pop (" name "): —É–¥–∞–ª—è–µ—Ç –ø–∞—Ä—É –∫–ª—é—á / –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –£–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–π —ç–ª–µ–º–µ–Ω—Ç - —ç—Ç–æ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ–º–æ–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–∞ pop.

dictionary . setdefault (key, default = None): –∞–Ω–∞–ª–æ–≥–∏—á–Ω–æ get (), –Ω–æ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç —É—Å—Ç–∞–Ω–æ–≤–ª–µ–Ω–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ dictionary1 [key] = default, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –∫–ª—é—á –µ—â–µ –Ω–µ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ. < / p>

dictionary .update (dictionary2): –æ–±—ä–µ–¥–∏–Ω—è–µ—Ç –ø–∞—Ä—ã "–∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ" Dictionary2 –∏ dictionary1.

dictionary .values ‚Äã‚Äã() : –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ—Ç —Å–ø–∏—Å–æ–∫ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–π —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è.

–ò—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤—Å—Ç—Ä–æ–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥—ã –∏ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏–∏, –ø–µ—Ä–µ—á–∏—Å–ª–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –≤—ã—à–µ, –¥–ª—è –∏–≥—Ä—ã —Å –ø—Ä–∏–º–µ—Ä–∞–º–∏ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ–π, –æ–ø–∏—Å–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –Ω–∏–∂–µ.

–ó–∞–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ

–°–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å Python –ø–æ–∑–≤–æ–ª—è–µ—Ç —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω–∏—Ç—å —Å–≤—è–∑–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è –≤–º–µ—Å—Ç–µ. –î–∞–Ω–Ω—ã–µ –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–µ —Ö—Ä–∞–Ω—è—Ç—Å—è —Å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ–º –ü–∞—Ä—ã "–∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ". –í—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –¥–æ–±–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å –≤ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å —Å—Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–∞—Ä "–∫–ª—é—á-–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ", —Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –∑–∞—Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ.

–ü–æ–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª—É —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä–∏ Python –º–æ–≥—É—Ç –Ω–µ–º–Ω–æ–≥–æ —Å–±–∏–≤–∞—Ç—å —Å —Ç–æ–ª–∫—É, –Ω–æ —Å–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º–µ–Ω–µ–º –∏ —É—Å–∏–ª–∏—è–º–∏ –≤—ã –±—ã—Å—Ç—Ä–æ —Å—Ç–∞–Ω–µ—Ç–µ —ç–∫—Å–ø–µ—Ä—Ç–æ–º. !

–í –∫–∞—á–µ—Å—Ç–≤–µ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ–±—É–π—Ç–µ –æ–±—ä—è–≤–∏—Ç—å —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å —Å–æ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–∏–º–∏ –∫–ª—é—á–∞–º–∏ –∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è–º–∏:

—á–µ—á–µ–≤–∏—Ü–∞: 3,00

–æ–≤–æ—â: 2,90
–≥–æ—Ä–æ—Ö: 3,10

–ó–∞—Ç–µ–º –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑—É–π—Ç–µ –æ–±–æ–∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ —Å–∫–æ–±–æ–∫ –¥–ª—è –ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∏ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏—è " —á–µ—á–µ–≤–∏—Ü—ã " –∫ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª–∏. –î–ª—è –¥–æ–ø–æ–ª–Ω–∏—Ç–µ–ª—å–Ω–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã —É–¥–∞–ª–∏—Ç–µ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ " pea " –∏–∑ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—è. –ó–∞—Ç–µ–º —Ä–∞—Å–ø–µ—á–∞—Ç–∞–π—Ç–µ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞—Ä—å –≤ –∫–æ–Ω—Å–æ–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–±–µ–¥–∏—Ç—å—Å—è, —á—Ç–æ –∑–Ω–∞—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ –±—ã–ª–æ —É–¥–∞–ª–µ–Ω–æ.

–ß—Ç–æ–±—ã —É–∑–Ω–∞—Ç—å –±–æ–ª—å—à–µ –æ —Ç–æ–º, –∫–∞–∫ –ß—Ç–æ–±—ã –ø–∏—Å–∞—Ç—å –∫–æ–¥ –Ω–∞ —è–∑—ã–∫–µ –ø—Ä–æ–≥—Ä–∞–º–º–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è Python, –æ–∑–Ω–∞–∫–æ–º—å—Ç–µ—Å—å —Å –Ω–∞—à–∏–º —Ä—É–∫–æ–≤–æ–¥—Å—Ç–≤–æ–º –ø–æ –∏–∑—É—á–µ–Ω–∏—é Python .