Основы Python: первая буква строки с заглавной буквы

Michael Zippo 27.11.2021

–í Python –µ—Å—Ç—å –º–Ω–æ–≥–æ –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–æ–≤ –¥–ª—è —É–ø—Ä–∞–≤–ª–µ–Ω–∏—è —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞–º–∏. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –¥–æ–ª–∂–Ω—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –±—É–∫–≤—É —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ –≤ Python –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π –≤ –∑–∞–¥–∞—á–µ –∫–æ–¥–∞, –∫–∞–∫ –≤—ã —ç—Ç–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–µ—Ç–µ? –í —ç—Ç–æ–π —Å—Ç–∞—Ç—å–µ —Ä–∞—Å—Å–∫–∞–∑—ã–≤–∞–µ—Ç—Å—è –æ–± –æ–¥–Ω–æ–º —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–µ –º–∞–Ω–∏–ø—É–ª–∏—Ä–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞–º–∏ –¥–ª—è –¥–æ—Å—Ç–∏–∂–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç—Ç–æ–π —Ü–µ–ª–∏.

–î–ª—è —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ Python –Ω–∞–ø–∏—à–∏—Ç–µ —Ñ—É–Ω–∫—Ü–∏—é, –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –±—É–∫–≤—É —Å –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π –±—É–∫–≤—ã –∏ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞—Ç—å –µ–µ.

–ó–∞–¥–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ —É—Ç–æ—á–Ω—è—é—â–∏–µ –≤–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å—ã.

–≠—Ç–æ—Ç –∑–∞–ø—Ä–æ—Å –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –¥–∞–Ω –≤–æ –≤—Ä–µ–º—è —Å–æ–±–µ—Å–µ–¥–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏—è. –í —ç—Ç–æ–º —Å–ª—É—á–∞–µ –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å–∏—Ç–µ –∏–Ω—Ç–µ—Ä–≤—å—é–µ—Ä–∞ –ø–æ—è—Å–Ω–∏—Ç—å, —á—Ç–æ –≤—ã –ø–æ–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—É.

–í–æ—Ç –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –≤–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å–æ–≤, –Ω–∞–¥ –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä—ã–º–∏ –≤—ã –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –ø–æ–¥—É–º–∞—Ç—å, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –º—ã –ø–æ–¥–æ–π–¥–µ–º –∫ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º–µ:

–í–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å : –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –ª–∏ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞? –ú–Ω–µ –Ω–∏–∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –Ω–µ –ø—Ä–∏–¥–µ—Ç—Å—è –∏–º–µ—Ç—å –¥–µ–ª–æ —Å –ø—É—Å—Ç–æ–π –∏–ª–∏ –ø—É—Å—Ç–æ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–π?
–û—Ç–≤–µ—Ç : –°—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞ –Ω–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –ø—Ä–∏—Å—É—Ç—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞—Ç—å. –¢–µ–º –Ω–µ –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ, —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–æ —Å–ª–µ–¥–∏—Ç—å –∑–∞ —ç—Ç–∏–º–∏ –∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–∏–º–∏ —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è–º–∏!

–í : –ø–µ—Ä–≤–∞—è –±—É–∫–≤–∞. –û–∑–Ω–∞—á–∞–µ—Ç –ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ —Ç–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –±—É–∫–≤—É —Å–∞–º–æ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ –∏–ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –±—É–∫–≤—É –∫–∞–∂–¥–æ–≥–æ —Å–ª–æ–≤–∞ –≤ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–µ? –ö–∞–∫ –≤—ã —Ö–æ—Ç–∏—Ç–µ, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã —è –æ–ø—Ä–µ–¥–µ–ª–∏–ª —ç—Ç–æ? & Nbsp;
A : –ü–µ—Ä–≤–∞—è –±—É–∫–≤–∞ —Å–∞–º–æ–π —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏. & Nbsp;

–í : –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–º —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª–æ–º –±—É–¥–µ—Ç –±—É–∫–≤–∞? –ü—Ä–∏–¥–µ—Ç—Å—è –ª–∏ –º–Ω–µ –∏–º–µ—Ç—å –¥–µ–ª–æ —Å–æ —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è–º–∏, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–º —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª–æ–º –≤ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å —á–∏—Å–ª–æ? & Nbsp;
A : –•–æ—Ä–æ—à–∏–π —É–ª–æ–≤. –ü–µ—Ä–≤–∞—è –±—É–∫–≤–∞ –Ω–µ –≤—Å–µ–≥–¥–∞ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –±—ã—Ç—å –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–º —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª–æ–º –≤ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–µ. –Ø —Ö–æ—Ç–µ–ª –±—ã, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –≤—ã —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –±—É–∫–≤—É —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π.

–ü–æ–¥—Ö–æ–¥

–ï—Å—Ç—å –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ —Ä–∞–∑–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–≤ —Ä–µ—à–µ–Ω–∏—è —ç—Ç–æ–π –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—ã. –ï—Å—Ç—å –Ω–µ—Å–∫–æ–ª—å–∫–æ –ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏–ª—å–Ω—ã—Ö —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–≤ —Ä–µ—à–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º—É. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –ø—Ä–∏–¥—É–º–∞–µ—Ç–µ –¥—Ä—É–≥–æ–π —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±, –æ—Ç–ª–∏—á–Ω–æ!

–û–±—Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–π—Ç–µ –∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–∏–µ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–∏ –≤ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –æ—á–µ—Ä–µ–¥—å, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤–∞—Å –ø–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å—è—Ç —Ä–∞–∑–æ–±—Ä–∞—Ç—å—Å—è —Å –Ω–∏–º–∏. & Nbsp;

–ó–¥–µ—Å—å –Ω–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —Å–ø—Ä–∞–≤–∏—Ç—å—Å—è —Å —Ç–µ–º, —á—Ç–æ –ø—Ä–æ–∏—Å—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —É –Ω–∞—Å –µ—Å—Ç—å —Å–ª—É—á–∞–π, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —É –Ω–∞—Å –Ω–µ—Ç —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏, –ø—É—Å—Ç–∞—è —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞ –∏–ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª –Ω–µ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –±—É–∫–≤–æ–π. –¢–µ–ø–µ—Ä—å –¥–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –Ω–∞–ø–∏—à–µ–º –∫–æ–¥:

–ó–¥–µ—Å—å –º—ã —Ä–∞—Å—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–µ–ª–∏ –∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–∏–µ —Å–ª—É—á–∞–∏, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∞ –±—ã–ª–∞ –±—ã None –∏–ª–∏ –∏–º–µ–ª–∞ –±—ã –¥–ª–∏–Ω—É of 0. –ú—ã –µ—â–µ –Ω–∏—á–µ–≥–æ –Ω–µ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞–ª–∏ —Å –ª–æ–≥–∏–∫–æ–π –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—Ç–∞ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏ —Å –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π –±—É–∫–≤–æ–π. –°–Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ –Ω–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ —É–±–µ–¥–∏—Ç—å—Å—è, —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç. & Nbsp;

–î–∞–≤–∞–π—Ç–µ –ø–æ—Å–º–æ—Ç—Ä–∏–º, –∫–∞–∫ –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∏—Ç—å, —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –ª–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª –≤ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–µ –±—É–∫–≤–æ–π. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ —á–∏—Å–ª–æ –∏–ª–∏ —Å–ø–µ—Ü–∏–∞–ª—å–Ω—ã–π —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª, –Ω–∞–º –Ω—É–∂–Ω–æ –ø–µ—Ä–µ–π—Ç–∏ –∫ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–µ–º—É —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª—É, –ø–æ–∫–∞ –º—ã –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–¥–∏–º –ø–µ—Ä–≤—É—é –±—É–∫–≤—É. –ï—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ –±—É–∫–≤–∞, –º—ã –¥–µ–ª–∞–µ–º –µ–µ –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π –∏ –≤–æ–∑–≤—Ä–∞—â–∞–µ–º —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫—É —Å –∑–∞–≥–ª–∞–≤–Ω–æ–π –±—É–∫–≤—ã. –ï—Å–ª–∏ –º—ã –¥–æ–π–¥–µ–º –¥–æ –∫–æ–Ω—Ü–∞ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏, –∞ –±—É–∫–≤—ã –Ω–µ—Ç, —Å–∫–∞–∂–∏—Ç–µ —Ç–∞–∫.

< p> 81% —É—á–∞—Å—Ç–Ω–∏–∫–æ–≤ –∑–∞—è–≤–∏–ª–∏, —á—Ç–æ –ø–æ—Å–ª–µ –±—É—Ç–∫–µ–º–ø–∞ –æ–Ω–∏ –ø–æ—á—É–≤—Å—Ç–≤–æ–≤–∞–ª–∏ —Å–µ–±—è –±–æ–ª–µ–µ —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω—ã–º–∏ –≤ —Å–≤–æ–∏—Ö –ø–µ—Ä—Å–ø–µ–∫—Ç–∏–≤–∞—Ö —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã –≤ —Å—Ñ–µ—Ä–µ –≤—ã—Å–æ–∫–∏—Ö —Ç–µ—Ö–Ω–æ–ª–æ–≥–∏–π. –ü–æ–ª—É—á–∏—Ç–µ –ø—Ä–∏–≥–ª–∞—à–µ–Ω–∏–µ –Ω–∞ —Ç—Ä–µ–Ω–∏–Ω–≥ —Å–µ–≥–æ–¥–Ω—è.

–í —Å—Ä–µ–¥–Ω–µ–º –≤—ã–ø—É—Å–∫–Ω–∏–∫ —É—á–µ–±–Ω–æ–≥–æ –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—è –ø–æ—Ç—Ä–∞—Ç–∏–ª –º–µ–Ω–µ–µ —à–µ—Å—Ç–∏ –º–µ—Å—è—Ü–µ–≤ –Ω–∞ —Å–º–µ–Ω—É –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—ã —Å –º–æ–º–µ–Ω—Ç–∞ –Ω–∞—á–∞–ª–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –∫–∞—Ä—å–µ—Ä—ã. —É—á–µ–±–Ω—ã–π –ª–∞–≥–µ—Ä—å –¥–ª—è –ø–æ–∏—Å–∫–∞ —Å–≤–æ–µ–π –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç—ã.

–û–¥–∏–Ω –∏–∑ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–æ–≤—ã—Ö –º–µ—Ç–æ–¥–æ–≤, —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É—é—â–∏—Ö –≤ Python, - —ç—Ç–æ isalpha (). –û–Ω –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä—è–µ—Ç, —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –ª–∏ —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª —á–∞—Å—Ç—å—é –∞–ª—Ñ–∞–≤–∏—Ç–∞ . –ï—Å–ª–∏ —ç—Ç–æ –Ω–µ —Ç–∞–∫, –æ–Ω –ø–µ—Ä–µ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç –∫ —Å–ª–µ–¥—É—é—â–µ–π –±—É–∫–≤–µ. –ö–æ–≥–¥–∞ –º—ã –¥–æ–π–¥–µ–º –¥–æ —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–π –±—É–∫–≤—ã, –º—ã –≤–µ—Ä–Ω–µ–º –∫–æ–Ω–∫–∞—Ç–µ–Ω–∞—Ü–∏—é –ª–µ–≤–æ–π —á–∞—Å—Ç–∏ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏, –ø—Ä–æ–ø–∏—Å–Ω–æ–π –±—É–∫–≤—ã –∏ –æ—Å—Ç–∞–ª—å–Ω–æ–π —á–∞—Å—Ç–∏ —Å—Ç—Ä–æ–∫–∏.

–≠—Ç–æ Python capitalize (), –∫–æ—Ç–æ—Ä–∞—è —Ä–∞–±–æ—Ç–∞–µ—Ç, –ø–æ—Ç–æ–º—É —á—Ç–æ –æ–Ω–∞ –ø—Ä–µ–æ–±—Ä–∞–∑—É–µ—Ç –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª –≤ –≤–µ—Ä—Ö–Ω–∏–π —Ä–µ–≥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä, –Ω–æ –Ω–µ –º–æ–∂–µ—Ç –æ–±—Ä–∞–±–∞—Ç—ã–≤–∞—Ç—å –∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–∏–π —Ä–µ–≥–∏—Å—Ç—Ä, –∫–æ–≥–¥–∞ –ø–µ—Ä–≤—ã–π —Å–∏–º–≤–æ–ª –Ω–µ —è–≤–ª—è–µ—Ç—Å—è –±—É–∫–≤–æ–π. –í–æ—Ç –ø–æ—á–µ–º—É –º—ã –≤—ã–ø–æ–ª–Ω—è–µ–º —Ü–∏–∫–ª —Å –∏—Å–ø–æ–ª—å–∑–æ–≤–∞–Ω–∏–µ–º —Ü–∏–∫–ª–∞ while, –∞ –∑–∞—Ç–µ–º –Ω–∞–º–µ—Ä–µ–Ω–Ω–æ –ø—Ä–µ—Ä—ã–≤–∞–µ–º —Ü–∏–∫–ª while –ø—Ä–∏ –ø–µ—Ä–≤–æ–º –Ω–∞—Ö–æ–∂–¥–µ–Ω–∏–∏ –±—É–∫–≤—ã.

–ó–∞–∫–ª—é—á–µ–Ω–∏–µ

–≠—Ç–æ –≤—Å–µ–≥–æ –ª–∏—à—å –æ–¥–∏–Ω —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–± –ø—Ä–µ–æ–¥–æ–ª–µ—Ç—å —ç—Ç–æ—Ç –∫–æ–¥ –≤—ã–∑–æ–≤! –Ø —É–≤–µ—Ä–µ–Ω, —á—Ç–æ —Å—É—â–µ—Å—Ç–≤—É–µ—Ç –º–Ω–æ–∂–µ—Å—Ç–≤–æ –¥—Ä—É–≥–∏—Ö —Å–ø–æ—Å–æ–±–æ–≤, —Å—Ç–æ–ª—å –∂–µ —Ö–æ—Ä–æ—à–∏—Ö (–µ—Å–ª–∏ –Ω–µ –ª—É—á—à–µ), —á–µ–º —É–ø–æ–º—è–Ω—É—Ç—ã–π –∑–¥–µ—Å—å. –¶–µ–ª—å —Å–æ—Å—Ç–æ–∏—Ç –≤ —Ç–æ–º, —á—Ç–æ–±—ã –Ω–∞—É—á–∏—Ç—å—Å—è –∑–∞–¥–∞–≤–∞—Ç—å –≤–æ–ø—Ä–æ—Å—ã, –µ—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã –Ω–µ —Å–æ–≤—Å–µ–º –ø–æ–Ω–∏–º–∞–µ—Ç–µ –ø–æ–¥—Å–∫–∞–∑–∫—É, –∏ –¥—É–º–∞—Ç—å –æ –∫—Ä–∞–π–Ω–∏—Ö —Å–ª—É—á–∞—è—Ö! –ï—Å–ª–∏ –≤—ã —Å–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ —ç—Ç–æ —Å–¥–µ–ª–∞—Ç—å, –≤—ã —Å–º–æ–∂–µ—Ç–µ –±–µ–∑ –ø—Ä–æ–±–ª–µ–º –ø—Ä–æ—Ö–æ–¥–∏—Ç—å –ø—Ä–æ–≤–µ—Ä–∫—É –∫–æ–¥–∞. –£–¥–∞—á–∏!