Python inheritance

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In the world of object-oriented programming (OOP), inheritance refers to the mechanism of a class’s ability to inherit or extend properties of another class at runtime. This property allows a derived class to obtain properties or traits of a base class.

Inheritance in Python is considered one of the most important aspects of OOP because it serves as a reusable function, which makes a piece of code more robust.

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Benefits

• Inheritance describes relationships that resemble real-world scenarios.
• It provides a reusability that allows the user to add additional functionality to a derived class without changing it.
• If the class Y inherits from class X, then automatically all subclasses of Y will inherit from class X.

Basic inheritance terms

1. Subclass / derived class: this is a class that inherits properties from another class (usually a base class).
2. Superclass / base class: This is the class from which other subclasses come from.
3. A derived class usually derives / inherits / extends a base class.

Syntax

 class SuperClassName: Body of Super class class DerivedClass_Name (SuperClass): Body of de rived class 

Examples

Let’s dive into the world of Python inheritance with simple examples. Read also about multiple inheritance .

Step 1. Create a base class

 class Father: # The keyword ’self’ is used to represent the instance of a class. # By using the "self" keyword we access the attributes and methods of the class in python. # The method "__init__" is called as a constructor in object oriented terminology. # This method is called when an object is created from a class. # it allows the class to initialize the attributes of the class. def __init __ (self, name, lastname): self.name = name self.lastname = lastname def printname (self): print (self.name, self.lastname) # Use the Father class to create an object, and then execute the printname method: x = Father ("Anees", "Mulani") x.printname () 

Output: Anees Mulani

Step 2. Create a derived class

 # The subclass __init __ () function overrides the inheritance of the base class __init __ () function. class Son (Father): def __init __ (self, name, lastname): Father .__ init __ (self, name, lastname) x = Son ("Dev", "Bajaj") x.printname () 

Conclusion: Dev Bajaj

Using the super () function

Using the super () function, you don’t need to use the parent element name, it will automatically inherit the methods and properties from its parent.

 class Father: def __init __ (self, name, lastname): self.name = name self.lastname = lastname def printname (self): print (self.name, self.lastname) class Son (Father): def __init __ (self, name, lastname): super () .__ init __ (name, lastname) x = Student ("Dev", "Bajaj") x.printname () 

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We hope this article has helped you to resolve the problem. Apart from Python inheritance, check other ast Python module-related topics.

Want to excel in Python? See our review of the best Python online courses 2023. If you are interested in Data Science, check also how to learn programming in R.

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