On UNIX-like operating systems, new files are created with a default set of permissions. We can restrict or grant any specific or set of permissions by applying a permission mask. Using Python, we can get or set the permission mask for a file.
In this article, we will discuss how to get the permission mask for a file in Python.
Method used -
os.stat () : This method is used to performs stat () system call on the specified path. This method is used to get status of the specified path.
Below is a Python program to get a mask of file permissions.
| # Python program to get a mask of file permissions
# of this file
# Import the os module import os
# File filename = "./ file.txt"
# Now get the file status
# using the os.st method at () print ( "Status of% s: " % filename) status = os.stat (filename)
# os.stat () method will return
# stat_result & # 39; object class & # 39; os.stat_result & # 39;
# which will represent
# file status. print (status)
# st_mode attribute
# returned an object & # 39; stat_result & # 39;
# will represent the file type and
# file mode bits (permissions). print ( "File type and file permission mask:" , status.st_mode)
# st_mode attribute is an integer value
# but we are interested in an octal value
# for file permission mask
# So we will change integer value
# octal value print ( "File type and file permission mask (in octal):" , oct (status.st_mode))
# last 3 octal digits
# represents the file permission mask
# and the top indicates the file type
# to get the file permission
# extract the last 3 octal digits
# of status.st_mode print ( "File permission mask (in octal ): " , oct (status.st_mode) [ - 3 :])
# Alternative way print ( "File permission mask (in octal):" , oct (status.st_mode & amp; 0o777 )) |
Exit:
Status of ./file.txt: os.stat_result (st_mode = 33188, st_ino = 801303, st_dev = 2056, st_nlink = 1, st_uid = 1000, st_gid = 1000, st_size = 409, st_atime = 1561590918, st_mtime = 1561590910, st_ctime = 1561590910) File type and file permission mask: 33188 File type and file permission mask (in octal): 0o100644 File permission mask ( in octal): 644 File permission mask (in octal): 0o644
Below is a short version of the above program —
| # Python program to get a mask of file permissions
# of this file
# Import the os module import os
# File filename = "./ file.txt"
# Get the file permission mask
# of the specified file mask = oct (os.stat (filename) .st_mode) [ - 3 :]
# Print mask print ( "File permission mask:" , mask) |
Output:
File permission mask: 644
