PyTorch – What does contiguous() do?

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I was going through this example of a LSTM language model on github (link). What it does in general is pretty clear to me. But I"m still struggling to understand what calling contiguous() does, which occurs several times in the code.

For example in line 74/75 of the code input and target sequences of the LSTM are created. Data (stored in ids) is 2-dimensional where first dimension is the batch size.

for i in range(0, ids.size(1) - seq_length, seq_length):
    # Get batch inputs and targets
    inputs = Variable(ids[:, i:i+seq_length])
    targets = Variable(ids[:, (i+1):(i+1)+seq_length].contiguous())

So as a simple example, when using batch size 1 and seq_length 10 inputs and targets looks like this:

inputs Variable containing:
0     1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9
[torch.LongTensor of size 1x10]

targets Variable containing:
1     2     3     4     5     6     7     8     9    10
[torch.LongTensor of size 1x10]

So in general my question is, what does contiguous() do and why do I need it?

Further I don"t understand why the method is called for the target sequence and but not the input sequence as both variables are comprised of the same data.

How could targets be non-contiguous and inputs still be contiguous?


EDIT:

I tried to leave out calling contiguous(), but this leads to an error message when computing the loss.

RuntimeError: invalid argument 1: input is not contiguous at .../src/torch/lib/TH/generic/THTensor.c:231

So obviously calling contiguous() in this example is necessary.

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We hope this article has helped you to resolve the problem. Apart from PyTorch – What does contiguous() do?, check other __del__-related topics.

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Carlo Galleotti

Singapore | 2023-03-24

Thanks for explaining! I was stuck with PyTorch – What does contiguous() do? for some hours, finally got it done 🤗. I am just not quite sure it is the best method

Walter Gonzalez

Massachussetts | 2023-03-24

I was preparing for my coding interview, thanks for clarifying this - PyTorch – What does contiguous() do? in Python is not the simplest one. Will use it in my bachelor thesis

Julia Schteiner

New York | 2023-03-24

Simply put and clear. Thank you for sharing. PyTorch – What does contiguous() do? and other issues with io Python module was always my weak point 😁. Checked yesterday, it works!

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